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Worst-Case Estimation for Data-Dependent Timing Jitter and Amplitude Noise in High-Speed Differential Link | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
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Journals & Magazines >IEEE Transactions on Very Lar... >Volume: 20 Issue: 1

Worst-Case Estimation for Data-Dependent Timing Jitter and Amplitude Noise in High-Speed Differential Link

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Wei Yao; Yiyu Shi; Lei He; Sudhakar Pamarti
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Abstract:

Differential signaling has been widely used in high-speed interconnects. Signal integrity issues, such as inter-symbol interference (ISI) and crosstalk between the differ...Show More

Metadata

Abstract:

Differential signaling has been widely used in high-speed interconnects. Signal integrity issues, such as inter-symbol interference (ISI) and crosstalk between the differential pair, however, still cause significant timing jitter and amplitude noise and heavily limit the performance of the differential link. The pre-emphasis filter is commonly used to reduce ISI but may potentially change the crosstalk behavior. In this paper, we first propose formula-based jitter and noise models considering the combined effect of ISI, crosstalk, and pre-emphasis filter. With the same set of input patterns, experiment shows our models achieve within 5% difference compared with SPICE simulation. By utilizing these formula-based models, we then develop algorithms to directly find out the input patterns for worst-case jitter and worst-case amplitude noise through pseudo-Boolean optimization (PBO) and mathematical programming. In addition, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to further reduce runtime. Experiments show our algorithms obtain more reliable worst-case jitter and noise compared with pseudorandom bit sequences simulation and, meanwhile, reduce runtime by 25× when using a general PBO solver and by 150× when using our proposed heuristic algorithm.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems ( Volume: 20, Issue: 1, January 2012)
Page(s): 89 - 97
Date of Publication: 13 December 2010

ISSN Information:

DOI: 10.1109/TVLSI.2010.2090544
Author image of Wei Yao
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Wei Yao received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and M.S. degree in electronics engineering from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in 2002 and 2004, respectively. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles.
From 2004 to 2006, he was a Software Engineer with Synopsys Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan, working on VLSI power integrity. In 201...Show More
Wei Yao received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and M.S. degree in electronics engineering from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in 2002 and 2004, respectively. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles.
From 2004 to 2006, he was a Software Engineer with Synopsys Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan, working on VLSI power integrity. In 201...View more
Author image of Yiyu Shi
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Yiyu Shi (M'10) received the B.S. degree (with honors) in electronic engineering from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2005, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 2007 and 2009, respectively.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla. His curr...Show More
Yiyu Shi (M'10) received the B.S. degree (with honors) in electronic engineering from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2005, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 2007 and 2009, respectively.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla. His curr...View more
Author image of Lei He
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Lei He (SM'10) received the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), in 1999.
He is a Professor with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and was a faculty member with the University of Wisconsin, Madison, between 1999 and 2002. He also held visiting or consulting positions with Cadence, Empyrean Soft, Hewlett-Package, Intel, and...Show More
Lei He (SM'10) received the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), in 1999.
He is a Professor with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and was a faculty member with the University of Wisconsin, Madison, between 1999 and 2002. He also held visiting or consulting positions with Cadence, Empyrean Soft, Hewlett-Package, Intel, and...View more
Author image of Sudhakar Pamarti
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Sudhakar Pamarti (M'03) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and electrical communication engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, in 1995, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of California, San Diego, in 1999 and 2003, respectively.
Since 2005, he has been an Assistant Professor of electrical engineering with the University of California, Los Ang...Show More
Sudhakar Pamarti (M'03) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and electrical communication engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, in 1995, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of California, San Diego, in 1999 and 2003, respectively.
Since 2005, he has been an Assistant Professor of electrical engineering with the University of California, Los Ang...View more
Contents

I. Introduction

Differential signaling has been widely used in high-speed I/O interconnect standards like PCI-Express and Serial ATA. It has several advantages, such as a high transmission rate due to low signal swing, little electromagnetic interference (EMI), and common-mode noise immunity. Considerable signal integrity issues, however, still limit the link performance and become bottlenecks during system integration. Such issues include resistive losses, reflections, inductive ringing and crosstalk between differential pairs [2], [3].

Author image of Wei Yao
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Wei Yao received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and M.S. degree in electronics engineering from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in 2002 and 2004, respectively. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles.
From 2004 to 2006, he was a Software Engineer with Synopsys Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan, working on VLSI power integrity. In 2010, he was with the ASIC Service Department, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan, developing tape-out design flow on signal and power integrity. His current research interests include power integrity, signal integrity, and high-speed mixed-signal circuits.
Wei Yao received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering and M.S. degree in electronics engineering from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, in 2002 and 2004, respectively. He is currently working toward the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering at the University of California, Los Angeles.
From 2004 to 2006, he was a Software Engineer with Synopsys Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan, working on VLSI power integrity. In 2010, he was with the ASIC Service Department, Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Hsinchu, Taiwan, developing tape-out design flow on signal and power integrity. His current research interests include power integrity, signal integrity, and high-speed mixed-signal circuits.View more
Author image of Yiyu Shi
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Yiyu Shi (M'10) received the B.S. degree (with honors) in electronic engineering from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2005, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 2007 and 2009, respectively.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla. His current research interests include advanced design and test technologies for 3-D ICs and renewable energy applications.
Dr. Shi was the recipient of the IBM Invention Achievement Award in 2009 and five nominations for the Best Paper Award at various conferences.
Yiyu Shi (M'10) received the B.S. degree (with honors) in electronic engineering from Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, in 2005, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 2007 and 2009, respectively.
He is currently an Assistant Professor with the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla. His current research interests include advanced design and test technologies for 3-D ICs and renewable energy applications.
Dr. Shi was the recipient of the IBM Invention Achievement Award in 2009 and five nominations for the Best Paper Award at various conferences.View more
Author image of Lei He
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Lei He (SM'10) received the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), in 1999.
He is a Professor with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and was a faculty member with the University of Wisconsin, Madison, between 1999 and 2002. He also held visiting or consulting positions with Cadence, Empyrean Soft, Hewlett-Package, Intel, and Synopsys and was a Technical Advisory Board Member for Apache Design Solutions and Rio Design Automation. He has published one book and over 200 technical papers. His research interests include modeling and simulation, VLSI circuits and systems, and cyber physical systems.
Dr. He was the recipient of 12 Best Paper nominations mainly from the Design Automation Conference and the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and five Best Paper or Best Contribution Awards, including the 2010 ACM Transactions on Electronic System Design Automation Best Paper Award.
Lei He (SM'10) received the Ph.D. degree in computer science from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), in 1999.
He is a Professor with the Electrical Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and was a faculty member with the University of Wisconsin, Madison, between 1999 and 2002. He also held visiting or consulting positions with Cadence, Empyrean Soft, Hewlett-Package, Intel, and Synopsys and was a Technical Advisory Board Member for Apache Design Solutions and Rio Design Automation. He has published one book and over 200 technical papers. His research interests include modeling and simulation, VLSI circuits and systems, and cyber physical systems.
Dr. He was the recipient of 12 Best Paper nominations mainly from the Design Automation Conference and the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and five Best Paper or Best Contribution Awards, including the 2010 ACM Transactions on Electronic System Design Automation Best Paper Award.View more
Author image of Sudhakar Pamarti
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Sudhakar Pamarti (M'03) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and electrical communication engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, in 1995, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of California, San Diego, in 1999 and 2003, respectively.
Since 2005, he has been an Assistant Professor of electrical engineering with the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he teaches and conducts research in the design of mixed-signal circuits for wireless and wire-line communication systems. Prior to joining UCLA, he worked with Rambus Inc. (2003–2005) designing high-speed chip-to-chip electrical interfaces and with Hughes Software Systems (1995–1997) developing real-time, embedded software for a wireless communication system. His current research interests include mixed-signal circuits, signal processing, and digital communications.
Dr. Pamarti was a recipient of the National Science Foundation CAREER Award.
Sudhakar Pamarti (M'03) received the B.Tech. degree in electronics and electrical communication engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, in 1995, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of California, San Diego, in 1999 and 2003, respectively.
Since 2005, he has been an Assistant Professor of electrical engineering with the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), where he teaches and conducts research in the design of mixed-signal circuits for wireless and wire-line communication systems. Prior to joining UCLA, he worked with Rambus Inc. (2003–2005) designing high-speed chip-to-chip electrical interfaces and with Hughes Software Systems (1995–1997) developing real-time, embedded software for a wireless communication system. His current research interests include mixed-signal circuits, signal processing, and digital communications.
Dr. Pamarti was a recipient of the National Science Foundation CAREER Award.View more
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