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A new numerical technique for time domain noise analysis of oscillators is proposed. This technique is based on the linear periodically time varying model, with an equivalent transformation of the linear system. This transformation produces a nonsingular matrix when the frequency offset is zero, which avoids numerical errors at small offset frequencies. Examples are given to demonstrate the effici...Show More
Digital noise in mixed-signal circuits is characterized using a scalable macromodel for substrate noise coupling. The noise coupling obtained through simulations is verified with measured data from a digital noise generator and noise sensitive analog circuits fabricated in the 0.35-/spl mu/m heavily doped CMOS process. The simulations and measurements also demonstrate the effectiveness of includin...Show More
Issues related to substrate noise in system-on-chip design are described including the physical phenomena responsible for its creation, coupling transmission mechanisms and media, parameters affecting coupling strength, and its impact on mixed-signal integrated circuits. Design guidelines and best practices to minimize the generation, transmission, and reception of substrate noise are outlined, an...Show More
The design of a low-frequency high-input-impedance amplifier having probably the lowest noise ever reported is presented. The amplifier's frequency range is from about 0.07 Hz to about 110 kHz at the -3-dB level. The equivalent input noise voltage spectral density is about 5.6, 1.4, 0.6, and 0.5 nV/radicHz at frequencies 0.1, 1, 10, and 1000 Hz, respectively. Gain of the amplifier is about 83 dB. ...Show More
In small-area MOSFETs widely used in analog and RF circuit design, low-frequency (LF) noise behavior is increasingly dominated by single-electron effects. In this paper, the authors review the limitations of current compact noise models which do not model such single-electron effects. The authors present measurement results that illustrate typical LF noise behavior in small-area MOSFETs, and a mod...Show More
A method for determining the noise parameters of high frequency field-effect transistors is presented. It has been developed by expressing the chain correlation matrix of the device as a function of its H-parameters and two frequency- dependent equivalent noise temperatures. The noise temperatures are determined utilizing the H-parameters and the 50 Omega noise figure of the device measured at a n...Show More
In this paper, an active guarding circuit is presented for wideband substrate noise suppression. A feed-forward compensation mechanism is proposed to extend the noise suppression bandwidth and to adjust the amplitude of phase-inversed noise cancellation current by introducing a zero and an amplitude controller. A noise decoupling mechanism is developed to provide a decoupling path and to sense the...Show More

Recording Integration–Reader Path

W. Don Huber

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics
Year: 2009 | Volume: 45, Issue: 10 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (1)
An estimate of integrated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the combination of the reader element with associated shunt-parallel resistance and magnetic medium through the interconnect, flexible printed circuit, and preamp is developed. A key result is the noise figure (NF) that relates the integrated input and output SNR of the system. Total common mode rejection or ground noise rejection is estimat...Show More

Recording Integration–Reader Path

W. Don Huber

Year: 2009 | Volume: 45, Issue: 10 | Journal Article |
A simple linear periodic time-varying circuit model is proposed to rigorously analyze the noise behavior in an active mixer. This analysis can be shown to be a generalization of existing LPTV mixer models, which assume that the mixer is a memoryless device and, as a result, is valid for low frequency only. Based on the proposed LPTV circuit model, explicit formulas for noise figure that accounts f...Show More
A new description of the shot noise in HBTs is proposed that accounts for the correlation of the sources. It can easily be included in large-signal models, thus significantly improving the RF noise description. Common nonlinear bipolar transistor models thus far neglect the correlation, which deteriorates the model accuracy towards higher frequencies. It is shown that the collector delay in InGaP/...Show More
Accurate RF noise modeling of heterojunction bipolar transistors requires a proper model for the correlation of the shot-noise sources based on the respective time constant. This is incompatible with the present large-signal models, which, therefore, rely on non-correlated shot-noise sources and are not capable of predicting the RF noise with sufficient accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new co...Show More
This paper provides an overview on the major issues in the high-frequency noise characterization of deep submicron MOSFETs for RF IC applications. It includes the HF noise parameter measurements, test structure design, parameter de-embedding, noise source extraction, physics-based noise models and noise sources implementations.Show More
A new method is presented to compress switching information in large synchronous digital circuits. This is combined with an efficient generation of digital cell library noise signatures and results in an accurate estimation of the switching noise in digital circuits. It provides a practical approach to generating the digital switching noise for simulating substrate coupling noise in mixed-signal I...Show More
Substrate noise is a major obstacle for single-chip integration of mixed-signal systems. To reduce this problem and to assess its evolution with CMOS technology scaling, the different mechanisms that generate substrate noise and their dependencies on different parameters need to be well understood. In this paper, we show that with downscaling of the technology, substrate noise due to supply coupli...Show More
Current-steering logic (CSL) and current-balanced logic (CBL) are logic families that have been proposed with the objective of reducing the substrate noise in mixed-signal integrated circuits. These two families are compared here with conventional CMOS by simulation, using a substrate model extracted from the layouts, and also by measurements on a test chip. With small, low-power cells, noise redu...Show More
This paper presents a fully-differential front-end amplifier. The differential cross coupling with tail current is exploited as noise canceling circuitry to improve the Noise Figure (NF). The proposed front-end amplifier is designed with 0.13 um CMOS technology under the supply voltage of 1.2 V. Simulation results show NF of 2.1 dB. The voltage gain and bandwidth of the amplifier are 19.7 dB and 1...Show More
In an increasingly noisy society, methods of reducing noise are becoming more important. This work proposes an analog electroacoustic circuit for active control of narrow-band low-frequency acoustic noise using adaptive filtering techniques. The circuit aims at producing antinoise, which is acoustically added to the disturbing noise to produce an error signal that is fed back to the circuit. The p...Show More
We designed a superconducting front-end circuit for an analog-to-digital converter and experimentally evaluated its signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) at a sampling frequency of 10 GHz. The modulator was based on a first-order sigma-delta modulation with an LR integrator. Correct noise shaping was experimentally confirmed, and an SNR of 70.9 dB at a bandwidth of 10 MHz was achieved. In the circuit design...Show More
A general circuit-based model of LC oscillator phase noise applicable to both white noise and 1/f noise is presented. Using the Kurokawa theory, differential equations governing the relationship between amplitude and phase noise at the tank are derived and solved. Closed form equations are obtained for the IEEE oscillator phase noise for both white and 1/f noise. These solutions introduce new para...Show More
Noise behavior in microelectronic devices is mainly contributed by shot noise, thermal noise and flicker noises, avalanche noise and burst noises etc. Other factors that constitute to noise are various generation and recombination procedures, power lines and scaling technology associated in CMOS designs. Thermal noise or noise due to thermal agitations with flicker noise are the primary noise sour...Show More
An extraction method to obtain the noise model parameter $T_{\mathrm { d}}$ in deep submicron MOSFETs directly from radio frequency (RF) scattering parameters and noise figure measurements is presented. A simplified noise equivalent circuit, along with closed-form solutions to calculate the RF noise figure of MOSFET is developed. On-wafer experimental verification is presented and a comparison w...Show More
Thermal noise represents a major limitation on the performance of most electronic circuits. It is particularly important in switched circuits, such as the switched-capacitor (SC) filters widely used in mixed-mode CMOS integrated circuits. In these circuits, switching introduces a boost in the power spectral density of the thermal noise due to aliasing. Unfortunately, even though the theory of nois...Show More
Residual phase-noise measurements of GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with different low-frequency noise properties are used to investigate how accurate a compact HBT model can predict the upconversion of low-frequency noise under nonlinear operation. We find that the traditional low-frequency source implementation, as well as a cyclostationary noise source implementation, have short...Show More
In this paper, a current-to-voltage combiner is proposed to realize a highly linear, balanced noise-cancelling low-noise amplifier (LNA) capable of low-voltage operation. The current-to-voltage combiner, implemented in the load of the amplifier, converts the output currents of the parallel common-gate (CG) and common-source (CS) stages of the LNA to voltages, equalizes the amplitudes of the voltag...Show More

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