I. Introduction
There has been an increased interest in global high-speed internet connectivity, especially in low-density areas (poorly served). Traditional Internet service providers (ISPs) could not justify their financial interest in serving those areas, and for users on a plane or ship, satellite communication (SATCOM) Internet is the only solution available. This has led to a new space race by commercial companies to launch their space-based broadband connectivity with SATCOM systems such as Starlink, OneWeb, and Kuiper [1], [3] with hopes of tapping this potentially lucrative market.