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Showing 1-25 of 150 resultsfor "Index Terms":Cryoprobe
"Index Terms":Cryoprobe
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Evaluating the Impact of Cryoprobe Tip Structure for Effective Cryoablation of Breast Cancer
2021 IEEE International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Computer and Information Technology for Health (BECITHCON)
Year: 2021 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (2)
This study aims to analyze the impact of the structure of a cryoprobe tip on the transient thermal phenomenon that takes place during cryoablation of breast cancer. A 2D axisymmetric breast model with an embedded tumor has been constructed using COMSOL Multiphysics® interface. Three different tip structures (conical, spherical, cylindrical) have been considered for the experimentation to determine...Show More
Room Temperature Interface for RSFQ Digital Signal Processor
Henrik Engseth;Raihan Rafique;Irina Kataeva;Samuel Intiso;Anna Kidiyarova-Shevchenko
This paper describes a cryogenic multi-chip module (MCM) probe for testing of a superconducting hybrid digital signal processor (DSP) capable of 24 giga multiply accumulate operations per second. The probe has 39 data channels with 4 GHz bandwidth, a 30 GHz high speed clock input line, and 48 biasing lines. The MCM interface board features 164 spring finger contacts for a 30 times 30 mm2 MCM. The ...Show More
Effect of Configuration Between Cryoprobe and Large Blood Vessels on the Tissue Freezing During Cryosurgery
2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference
Year: 2005 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
For accurate predictions of the tissue temperature distribution during cryosurgery a thermal model should incorporate the individual impact of large blood vessels. In presence of large vessel, configuring cryoprobe becomes very important because misplacement of cryoprobes may result in either inadequate cooling temperatures in the target tissue due to the heating nature of large vessels or undesir...Show More
A Palm-Sized Cryoprobe System With a Built-In Thermocouple and Its Application in an Animal Model of Epilepsy
Tatsuji Tokiwa;Lev Zimin;Hiroshi Ishiguro;Takao Inoue;Hiroshi Kajigaya;Sadahiro Nomura;Michiyasu Suzuki;Takeshi Yamakawa
Objective: The purpose of this study is to propose a palm-sized cryoprobe system with a built-in thermocouple (TC) for highly accurate and sensitive temperature measurements, and to verify the effectiveness of the system. Methods: Conventional cryoprobe systems based on the boiling effect of a refrigerant have triple coaxial tubes. In the proposed system, the outer and middle coaxial tubes are mad...Show More
The Palm-Sized Cryoprobe System Based on Refrigerant Expansion and Boiling and Its Application to an Animal Model of Epilepsy
Tatsuji Tokiwa;Lev Zimin;Satoru Ishizuka;Takao Inoue;Masami Fujii;Hiroshi Ishiguro;Hiroshi Kajigaya;Yuji Owada;Michiyasu Suzuki;Takeshi Yamakawa
Goal: The purpose of this study is to propose the palm-sized cryoprobe system based on a new concept and to suggest that the freezing technique could be used for treatment of epilepsy. Methods: We propose herein a cryoprobe system based on the boiling effect that uses a specific refrigerants with a boiling point higher than that of liquid nitrogen yet low enough to result in cell necrosis. To eval...Show More
Octopux: an advanced automated setup for testing superconductor circuits
An integrated multipurpose setup for the automated testing of superconductor devices and circuits has been designed, implemented, and installed in the RSFQ Laboratory of the State University of New York at Stony Brook. The extendable and modular design of the setup allows a wide variety of low-frequency superconductor experiments to be carried out including those that require immediate interaction...Show More
Towards a 1 V Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer
O. F. Kieler;R. Behr;R. Wendisch;S. Bauer;L. Palafox;J. Kohlmann
The establishment at PTB of an AC Josephson voltage standard (Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer- JAWS) based on pulse-driven Josephson arrays is focused on achieving an output voltage of at least 1 Vrms which is required for many metrology applications. In this paper, we approached this goal by increasing the number of active junctions in two ways. Firstly, we fabricated arrays containing t...Show More
1 volt DC programmable Josephson voltage standard
NIST has developed a programmable Josephson voltage standard (JVS) that produces intrinsically stable voltages that are programmable from -1.1 V to +1.1 V. The rapid settling time (1 /spl mu/s), large operating current margins (2 to 4 mA), and inherent step stability of this new system make it superior to a conventional JVS for many dc measurements. This improved performance is made possible by a ...Show More
Resonance-free low-pass filters for the AC Josephson voltage standard
We have designed and characterized superconducting integrated circuits for the ac Josephson voltage standard that demonstrate significantly improved performance. The typical circuit consists of an array of superconductor-normal metal-superconductor Josephson junctions, which are placed in a transmission line and biased with a broad-band (dc-to-15 GHz) pulse-drive waveform. Additional low-speed (dc...Show More
Precision measurements of AC Josephson voltage standard operating margins
Recent advances in circuit design and fabrication of superconducting integrated circuits have enabled us to demonstrate an ac Josephson voltage standard (ACJVS) that generates both ac and dc waveforms up to 242-mV peak voltage. Using a Fast Fourier Transform spectrum analyzer and an ac-dc transfer standard, we characterize ACJVS operating margins by performing "flat-spot" measurements at the level...Show More
Flexible cryo-packages for Josephson devices
C.J. Burroughs;S.P. Benz;P.D. Dresselhaus;Yonuk Chong;H. Yamamori
We have developed a method of bonding superconductive integrated-circuit chips to interchangeable, microwave-compatible, flexible cryo-packages. This "flip-chip on flex" technology will greatly improve the service life and reliability of our Josephson systems because the present press-contacts to the chip are replaced with directly soldered connections. The new method eliminates the most common fa...Show More
Fast reversed DC measurements on thermal converters using a SINIS Josephson junction array
An array of 7492 SINIS Josephson junctions was used to generate fast reversed dc (FRDC) voltages of approximately 1.1 V for the study of thermoelectric effects in planar multijunction thermal converters (PMJTCs). A bias current source for fast reversal with a frequency of up to 10 kHz has been designed. For the first time, results of Josephson measurements on two different PMJTCs excellently agree...Show More
Application of Josephson series arrays to a DC quantum voltmeter
R. Behr;L. Grimm;T. Funck;J. Kohlmann;H. Schulze;F. Muller;B. Schumacher;P. Warnecke;J. Niemeyer
Josephson series arrays with a binary sequence of nonhysteretic superconductor-insulator-normal metal-insulator-superconductor (SINIS) junctions have been realized. The arrays of up to 8192 junctions (14 bits) are operated at microwave frequencies of about 70 GHz with low microwave power. An electronic system was built to drive an automated dc quantum voltmeter. Two electrically isolated quantum v...Show More
Realization of a quantum standard for AC voltage: overview of a European research project
O.A. Chevtchenko;H.E. van den Brom;E. Houtzager;R. Behr;J. Kohlmann;J.M. Williams;T.J.B.M. Janssen;L. Palafox;D.A. Humphreys;F. Piquemal;S. Djordjevic;O. Monnoye;A. Poletaeff;R. Lapuh;K.-E. Rydler;G. Eklund
The European Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer (JAWS) project addresses the lack of instrumentation and knowledge for accurate and traceable measurement and generation of alternating (AC) voltage with arbitrary waveforms. The objective is to develop a standard based on a JAWS, a precise instrument that links the generated voltage to the Josephson effect, which in turn relates voltage to fun...Show More
A compact transportable Josephson voltage standard
C.A. Hamilton;C.J. Burroughs;S.L. Kupferman;G.A. Naujoks;A. Vickery
The development of a compact, portable 10 V Josephson calibration system is described. Its accuracy is the same as typical laboratory systems, but its weight and volume are reduced by more than a factor of three. The new system will replace conventional travelling voltage standards used within several NASA and DOE standards laboratories.Show More
Broadband interfacing of superconducting digital systems to room temperature electronics
D.F. Schneider;J.C. Lin;S.V. Polonsky;V.K. Semenov;C.A. Hamilton
We have developed and tested simple and inexpensive electronics for interfacing Rapid Single-Flux-Quantum (RSFQ) Josephson-junction circuits to room temperature digital systems. Voltage-level (Non-Return-to-Zero) bit signals with a swing of /spl sim/150 uV, developed on-chip by standard SFQ/DC converters, and in some cases amplified to 1.5 mV swing by HUFFLE-type circuits, are passed to the 300 K ...Show More
Programmable Josephson Arrays for Impedance Measurements
Jinni Lee;Jürgen Schurr;Jaani Nissila;Luis Palafox;Ralf Behr;Bryan P. Kibble
Arbitrary impedance ratios can be determined with high accuracy by means of a programmable Josephson system. For a 1 : 1 resistance ratio at 10-kΩ level, we demonstrate that the novel system allows measurements over a wide frequency range from 25 Hz to 6 kHz. Uncertainties are in the range of a few parts in 108 and thus comparable to those of conventional impedance bridges. Two methods for four-te...Show More
Measuring resistance standards in terms of the quantized Hall resistance with a dual Josephson voltage standard using SINIS Josephson arrays
To determine arbitrary resistance ratios with high precision, a measuring system based on a dual Josephson voltage standard has been set up. It is demonstrated that, by means of this system, 10-k/spl Omega/ standard resistors can be linked to a quantized Hall resistance (i=2, 12.9 k/spl Omega/) with an expanded uncertainty (k=2) of less than 4 parts in 10/sup 9/.Show More
Analysis of different measurement setups for a programmable Josephson voltage standard
R. Behr;J. Kohlmann;J.-T.B.M. Janssen;P. Kleinschmidt;J.M. Williams;S. Djordjevic;J.-P. Lo-Hive;F. Piquemal;P.-O. Hetland;D. Reymann;G. Eklund;C. Hof;B. Jeanneret;O. Chevtchenko;E. Houtzager;H.E. van den Brom;A. Sosso;D. Andreone;J. Nissila;P. Helisto
The electrical characteristics of two different 1-V binary programmable Josephson arrays, an superconductor/insulator/normal conductor/insulator/superconductor-type Josephson array, and an externally shunted superconductor/insulator/superconductor-type Josephson array, were investigated at ten metrology institutes. Various operational parameters were evaluated and compared using different Josephso...Show More
Analysis of different measurement setups for a programmable Josephson voltage standard
R. Behr;J. Kohlmann;J.-T.B.M. Janssen;P. Kleinschmidt;J.M. Williams;S. Djordjevic;J.-P. Lo-Hive;F. Piquemal;P.-O. Hetland;D. Reymann;G. Eklund;C. Hof;B. Jeanneret;O. Chevtchenko;E. Houtzager;H.E. van den Brom;A. Sosso;D. Andreone;J. Nissila;P. Helisto
Digital characteristics of CMOS devices at cryogenic temperatures
The results of measurements of the digital characteristics of CMOS devices as a function of temperature between 77 and 300 K and of supply voltage between 3 and 20 V are presented. Using a fixed supply of 5 V, the low noise margin decreased from 2.54 to 2.11 V, but the high noise margin increased from 2.18 to 2.40 V as the temperature was increased from 77 to 300 K. On lowering the temperature fro...
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Show MoreJosephson voltage standard circuit operation with a pulse tube cooler
G. Wende;M. Schubert;T. May;L. Fritzsch;H.-G. Meyer;G. Thummes;Y. Kucukkaplan;L.M. Qiu;J. Kohlmann;J. Niemeyer;H. Hofmeister;J. Scheerer
For a more wide-spread use of Josephson voltage standards, cryogen-free operation, by means of an appropriate closed-cycle refrigerator, is highly desirable. In this work we present a low-noise pulse tube cooler (PTC) that is capable to cool the voltage standard circuits to temperatures below 4 K. As a low loss dielectric waveguide with a very small thermal conductivity a Teflon strip was used for...Show More
Latency and Power Measurements on a 64-kb Hybrid Josephson-CMOS Memory
Q. Liu;K. Fujiwara;X. Meng;S. R. Whiteley;T. Van Duzer;N. Yoshikawa;Y. Thakahashi;T. Hikida;N. Kawai
A 64-kbit sub-nanosecond Josephson-CMOS hybrid RAM memory is being developed with hybrid high-speed interface circuits. The hybrid memory is designed and fabricated using a commercially available 0.18 mum CMOS process and NEC-SRL's 2.5 kA/cm2 Nb process for Josephson junctions. The memory bit-line output signals are detected by ultra-low power, high-speed Josephson devices. The most challenging pa...Show More
SQIF Antenna Measurement in Near Field
2015 15th International Superconductive Electronics Conference (ISEC)
Year: 2015 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (15)
We have been developing superconducting microwave (8-15 GHz bandwidth) magnetic field receiving antennas based on a two-dimensional (2D) Superconducting Quantum Interference Filter (SQIF) composed of bi-SQUID arrays. The 2D arrays are designed and fabricated using standard HYPRES niobium 4.5 kA/cm2 process. The designed non-uniformity in inductances of bi-SQUID cells produces a pronounced zero-fie...Show More
Finite-Element Analysis of Hepatic Cryoablation Around a Large Blood Vessel
Cheolkyun Kim;Ann P. O'Rourke;James A. Will;David M. Mahvi;John G. Webster*
Cryoablation is a minimally invasive ablation technique for primary and metastatic hepatic tumors. Inadequate freezing around large blood vessels due to the warm blood flow can lead to local recurrence, and thus, necessitates close application of a cryoprobe to the large blood vessels. In this study, we constructed a perfusion model with an ex vivo bovine liver and ablated the tissue around a larg...Show More
Flux trapping experiments in single flux quantum shift registers
As the integration level of superconducting digital circuits increases, flux trapping in these devices becomes a serious problem. High resolution A/D converters and other high speed signal processing systems have been demonstrated with junction counts well into the 10/sup 3/ range. Such large circuits require special testing techniques to prevent flux trapping within the gates, which can reduce bi...Show More
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