Privacy-Preserving Implicit Authentication Protocol Using Cosine Similarity for Internet of Things

Internet of Things provides complicated value-added services to mobile intelligent terminal users. Different sensors collect various data from the users and transmit the data to the mobile intelligent terminal for storage. Consequently, a great amount of personal and sensitive information related to these rich and colorful applications is stored in the mobile intelligent terminal. Mobile intelligent terminals have become the prominent target of network attackers. Security breach and privacy leakage severely thread the application development of the Internet of Things. We present a privacy-preserving implicit authentication framework using users' behavior features sensed by the mobile intelligent terminal based on the artificial intelligence methodology. More precisely, we first summarize the security and privacy requirements for the security authentication of the mobile intelligent terminal. Then, we present a privacy-preserving implicit authentication framework using the cosine similarity and partial homomorphic public-key encryption scheme. Finally, a performance evaluation of the proposed protocol is conducted. The result shows that the communication and computation efficiency of our protocol is more efficient than other related protocols.

I. Introduction

The Internet of Things is a combination of computing devices, digital machines, objects, and human beings such that the data of interests can be collected by the sensors and transmitted to the mobile devices via the network for storage and analysis. The Internet of Things involves the convergence of multiple technologies, such as sensors, embedded systems, machine learning, and data analysis [1], [2]. The primary purpose is to enrich the services provided by conventional networks. It enables service providers to develop rich and colorful value-added services on top of the mobile networks and sensor networks. More and more attractive services are added to the Internet of Things due to its stability, adaptability, and flexibility characteristics [3].