Method of Data Transmission Technology Based on Fiber Optic Sensing Vibration

This article constructed a fiber optic distributed vibration sensing system based on FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). The FPGA chip was proposed to collect, preprocess, demodulate, and transmit vibration signals, fully leveraging the parallel computing advantages of FPGA, improving the data processing speed and real-time response, and thereby reducing the data processing burden on personal computers. In a set of experiments, FPGA was used to complete data collection. Through the network interface, the collected data was uploaded to the host, and then in the PC (personal computer), the data was preprocessed and demodulated, which was the demodulation of the PC. In another set of experiments, FPGA was used to collect, preprocess, and demodulate data, that is, FPGA on chip demodulation. The upper computer demodulation+PZT applied vibration response time was 1.36 seconds, and the FPGA on chip demodulation+PZT applied vibration response time was 0.61 seconds. The data transmission scheme in this article has reflected a high processing speed and real-time response to data.

I. Introduction

Most high-voltage cables are laid in the central urban area using trough boxes and cable trenches, making it difficult for monitoring equipment to maintain stable power supply and communication. It is also difficult to quickly locate faults during daily operation and maintenance monitoring of the line. There is no effective means of communication for distributed transmission line monitoring terminals. Firstly, the cable length is long, and there are many points that need to be monitored. The construction of point-to-point optical cable transmission is difficult, and the problem of communication power consumption is difficult to solve. Secondly, transmission tunnels and cable trenches are underground, making it difficult for wireless communication to penetrate. Traditional methods use public mobile communication (including 2G/3G/4G/5G[NB IOT) and private network wireless communication (4G/5G private network/Lera/FSK/wifi mesh network, etc.). Adopting these methods can solve some of the monitoring problems of overhead transmission lines. However, there are two major limitations: one is the high cost of private networks, and the other is that wireless communication cannot solve the problem of underground cable monitoring communication.