Sustainability of ICPS from a Safety Perspective: Challenges and Opportunities

The growth of Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS) has boosted industrial processes’ effectiveness, security, and sustainability. Nevertheless, preserving the sustainability of ICPS is a complex challenge, especially in dynamic and unpredictable conditions. Fault diagnosis, prognosis, and remaining useful life prediction are crucial for ICPS sustainability in terms of safety, as they enable timely and effective maintenance to extend the system’s lifespan. This paper presents a perspective on the current state-of-the-art in the safety of ICPS, emphasizing fault diagnosis, prognosis, and remaining useful life prediction. Key findings from existing literature are summarized, academic gaps are identified, and research challenges are highlighted. The paper offers suggestions for addressing the gaps, advancing ICPS sustainability, and ensuring secure and reliable operation.