Ian A. Hiskens - IEEE Xplore Author Profile
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Ian A. Hiskens

Also published under: Ian Hiskens, I. A. Hiskens, I. Hiskens

Publications
176
Citations
7,998
Publications by Year
19892025
Co-Authors:
Show All Co-Authors (151)
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Ian A. Hiskens

Also published under: Ian Hiskens, I. A. Hiskens, I. Hiskens

Affiliation

Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Publication Topics

Biography

Ian A. Hiskens (S'77–M'80–SM'96–F'06) received the B.Eng. degree in electrical engineering and the B.App.Sc. degree in mathematics from the Capricornia Institute of Advanced Education, Rockhampton, Australia, in 1980 and 1983, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Newcastle, Australia, in 1991.,He is the Vennema Professor of Engineering in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. He has held prior appointments in the Queensland electricity supply industry, and various universities in Australia and the United States. His major research interests lie in the area of power system analysis, in particular system dynamics and control, an...
Publications
176
Citations
7,998
Publications by Year
19892025
Co-Authors:
Show All Co-Authors (151)
Author's Published Works

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Controlling Air Conditioners for Frequency Regulation: A Real-World Example

Ioannis M. Granitsas;Oluwagbemileke E. Oyefeso;Gregory S. Ledva;Stephen A. Mock;Scott R. Hinson;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
Year: 2025 | Volume: 16, Issue: 2 | Journal Article |
Even though thermostatically controlled loads like air conditioners present a great potential for providing ancillary services to the electric power grid, the practical challenges associated with their real-time coordination have not received the necessary attention. In this work, we present a nondisruptive load control application, specifically, we demonstrate how real residential air conditioner...Show More

Controlling Air Conditioners for Frequency Regulation: A Real-World Example

Ioannis M. Granitsas;Oluwagbemileke E. Oyefeso;Gregory S. Ledva;Stephen A. Mock;Scott R. Hinson;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

Year: 2025 | Volume: 16, Issue: 2 | Journal Article |

Parameter Identifiability and Estimation of Thermostatically Controlled Loads

Ioannis M. Granitsas;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu;Gregory S. Ledva

2023 IEEE Belgrade PowerTech
Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
Thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) are ubiquitous and have the potential to assist grid operation through aggregate control. In order to adequately represent TCL dynamic behavior, a second-order model that takes into account both air and mass temperature must be considered. However, the parameters of such models cannot always be estimated from readily available measurements. In this paper, w...Show More

Parameter Identifiability and Estimation of Thermostatically Controlled Loads

Ioannis M. Granitsas;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu;Gregory S. Ledva

Year: 2023 | Conference Paper |

Incorporating Delayed Temperature Dynamics into Residential Air Conditioner Models for Grid Frequency Regulation

Ioannis M. Granitsas;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

2022 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA)
Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
Aggregations of residential air conditioners can be controlled to provide important services to the grid, such as frequency regulation. To facilitate such applications, it is essential that models used to represent air conditioners capture their key dynamics. Using house temperature measurements, we demonstrate that there is a delay between the time instant at which an air conditioner switches and...Show More

Incorporating Delayed Temperature Dynamics into Residential Air Conditioner Models for Grid Frequency Regulation

Ioannis M. Granitsas;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |

Control of Aggregate Air-Conditioning Load using Packetized Energy Concepts

Oluwagbemileke Oyefeso;Gregory S. Ledva;Mads Almassalkhi;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

2022 IEEE Conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA)
Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
The paper extends the packetized energy management (PEM) control strategy to enable coordination of compressor-based thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), such as air conditioners. This establishes a new method of harnessing the flexibility of this ubiquitous resource, enabling a variety of grid services, such as frequency regulation. In the original PEM scheme, resources request energy packet...Show More

Control of Aggregate Air-Conditioning Load using Packetized Energy Concepts

Oluwagbemileke Oyefeso;Gregory S. Ledva;Mads Almassalkhi;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |

Dynamic Performance of Unified Grid-Forming/Following Inverter Control

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

2022 58th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton)
Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (2)
The paper describes an inverter control scheme which incorporates both a phase-locked loop (PLL) for voltage synchronization and power-frequency droop for load sharing. As such, it is a hybrid grid-forming/following controller and offers beneficial characteristics of both. The model describing behaviour is presented and connections with grid-forming and grid-following control schemes are considere...Show More

Dynamic Performance of Unified Grid-Forming/Following Inverter Control

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |

Unified Grid-Forming/Following Inverter Control

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy
Year: 2022 | Volume: 9 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (7)
The paper describes an inverter control scheme which incorporates both a phase-locked loop (PLL) for voltage synchronization and power-frequency droop for load sharing. As such, it is a hybrid grid-forming/following controller and offers beneficial characteristics of both. The model describing the dynamic behaviour of the inverter control scheme is presented and connections with grid-forming and g...Show More

Unified Grid-Forming/Following Inverter Control

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2022 | Volume: 9 | Journal Article |

Aggregate Modeling and Non-Disruptive Control of Residential Air Conditioning Systems with Two-Zone Cooling Capacity

Sebastian A. Nugroho;Ioannis M. Granitsas;Johanna L. Mathieu;Ian A. Hiskens

2022 American Control Conference (ACC)
Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (2)
Modern power grids are rapidly shifting from fossil fuel-based generation to carbon-free renewable sources. This transition brings the problem of balancing power supply and demand to a higher level – due largely to the high uncertainty of renewable generation such as wind and solar. Aggregations of thermostatically controlled loads such as residential air conditioners (AC) can provide balancing se...Show More

Aggregate Modeling and Non-Disruptive Control of Residential Air Conditioning Systems with Two-Zone Cooling Capacity

Sebastian A. Nugroho;Ioannis M. Granitsas;Johanna L. Mathieu;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2022 | Conference Paper |

Convergence of Distributed Steinmetz Control for Balancing Distribution Network Voltages

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Year: 2022 | Volume: 37, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (1)
The paper establishes convergence properties of decentralized and distributed control strategies that use a Steinmetz-based technique for mitigating voltage unbalance on distribution feeders. Reactive power from distributed energy resources (DERs), such as solar photovoltaic (PV), is used to balance voltages at critical nodes in the distribution network. Interactions between controllers are analyz...Show More

Convergence of Distributed Steinmetz Control for Balancing Distribution Network Voltages

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2022 | Volume: 37, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |

Efficient Computation of Minimal Wind-Power Deviations That Induce Temporal Line Overloading

Jonas A. Kersulis;Ian A. Hiskens

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Year: 2022 | Volume: 37, Issue: 2 | Journal Article |
The paper develops an optimization method for assessing transmission network vulnerability to small changes in generation (as caused, for example, by wind forecast inaccuracy). The method computes the smallest deviation (in a weighted 2-norm sense) from the nominal generation pattern that would drive a particular line to a specified temperature, over a given time horizon. The 2-norm weighting matr...Show More

Efficient Computation of Minimal Wind-Power Deviations That Induce Temporal Line Overloading

Jonas A. Kersulis;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2022 | Volume: 37, Issue: 2 | Journal Article |

Comments on “Stability Regions of Nonlinear Autonomous Dynamical Systems”

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Year: 2021 | Volume: 66, Issue: 12 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (2)
The proofs of the groundbreaking theorems of [1] rely on a lemma, which states that if the unstable manifold of a first hyperbolic closed orbit intersects transversely the stable manifold of a second (possibly the same) hyperbolic closed orbit, then the dimension of the unstable manifold of the first is strictly greater than the dimension of the unstable manifold of the second. However, we provide...Show More

Comments on “Stability Regions of Nonlinear Autonomous Dynamical Systems”

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2021 | Volume: 66, Issue: 12 | Journal Article |

Evaluating Resilience of Electricity Distribution Networks via a Modification of Generalized Benders Decomposition Method

Devendra Shelar;Saurabh Amin;Ian A. Hiskens

IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems
Year: 2021 | Volume: 8, Issue: 3 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (9)
This article presents a computational framework to evaluate the resilience of electricity distribution networks (DNs) to a class of cyber-physical failures. In our model, we consider an attacker who targets multiple DN components to maximize the loss of the DN operator. We consider two types of operator responses: i) coordinated emergency response and ii) uncoordinated autonomous disconnects, whic...Show More

Evaluating Resilience of Electricity Distribution Networks via a Modification of Generalized Benders Decomposition Method

Devendra Shelar;Saurabh Amin;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2021 | Volume: 8, Issue: 3 | Journal Article |

Definition and Classification of Power System Stability – Revisited & Extended

Nikos Hatziargyriou;Jovica Milanovic;Claudia Rahmann;Venkataramana Ajjarapu;Claudio Canizares;Istvan Erlich;David Hill;Ian Hiskens;Innocent Kamwa;Bikash Pal;Pouyan Pourbeik;Juan Sanchez-Gasca;Aleksandar Stankovic;Thierry Van Cutsem;Vijay Vittal;Costas Vournas

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Year: 2021 | Volume: 36, Issue: 4 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (649)
Since the publication of the original paper on power system stability definitions in 2004, the dynamic behavior of power systems has gradually changed due to the increasing penetration of converter interfaced generation technologies, loads, and transmission devices. In recognition of this change, a Task Force was established in 2016 to re-examine and extend, where appropriate, the classic definiti...Show More

Definition and Classification of Power System Stability – Revisited & Extended

Nikos Hatziargyriou;Jovica Milanovic;Claudia Rahmann;Venkataramana Ajjarapu;Claudio Canizares;Istvan Erlich;David Hill;Ian Hiskens;Innocent Kamwa;Bikash Pal;Pouyan Pourbeik;Juan Sanchez-Gasca;Aleksandar Stankovic;Thierry Van Cutsem;Vijay Vittal;Costas Vournas

Year: 2021 | Volume: 36, Issue: 4 | Journal Article |

Mitigating Voltage Unbalance Using Distributed Solar Photovoltaic Inverters

Mengqi Yao;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Year: 2021 | Volume: 36, Issue: 3 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (33)
Maintaining balanced voltages across distribution networks is becoming more challenging with increasing deployment of single-phase distributed generation and larger single-phase loads. The paper develops a reactive power compensation strategy that uses distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) inverters to mitigate such voltage unbalance. The proposed strategy takes advantage of Steinmetz design and is ...Show More

Mitigating Voltage Unbalance Using Distributed Solar Photovoltaic Inverters

Mengqi Yao;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

Year: 2021 | Volume: 36, Issue: 3 | Journal Article |

Optimal Capacity Design and Operation of Energy Hub Systems

Sijia Geng;Maria Vrakopoulou;Ian A. Hiskens

Proceedings of the IEEE
Year: 2020 | Volume: 108, Issue: 9 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (53)
This article takes an integrated view of optimized capacity design and operation of islanded energy hubs. We consider energy hubs that incorporate emerging distributed energy resources as well as energy storage devices and fully support electricity and heat demand of an islanded installation. Both battery and hydrogen storage are incorporated. To explicitly account for the stochasticity in renewab...Show More

Optimal Capacity Design and Operation of Energy Hub Systems

Sijia Geng;Maria Vrakopoulou;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2020 | Volume: 108, Issue: 9 | Journal Article |

Stability Analysis of Load Frequency Control Systems With Sampling and Transmission Delay

Haocheng Luo;Ian A. Hiskens;Zechun Hu

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Year: 2020 | Volume: 35, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (79)
To analyze the delay-dependent stability of a load frequency control (LFC) system with transmission delays, the continuous-time model with delay is usually adopted. However, practical LFC is actually a sampled-data system, where the power commands sent to generation units are updated every few seconds. It is therefore desirable to analyze the delay-dependent stability of LFC when sampling is intro...Show More

Stability Analysis of Load Frequency Control Systems With Sampling and Transmission Delay

Haocheng Luo;Ian A. Hiskens;Zechun Hu

Year: 2020 | Volume: 35, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |

Numerical Computation of Critical System Recovery Parameter Values by Trajectory Sensitivity Maximization

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

2019 IEEE 58th Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)
Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |
Consider a particular finite-time disturbance applied to a system governed by ordinary differential equations and which possesses a stable equilibrium point. The recovery of the system from a disturbance is a function of the system parameter values. It is an important though challenging problem to identify the system parameter values, called critical parameter values, for which the system is just ...Show More

Numerical Computation of Critical System Recovery Parameter Values by Trajectory Sensitivity Maximization

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |

Distributed Barrier Certificates for Safe Operation of Inverter-Based Microgrids

Soumya Kundu;Sijia Geng;Sai Pushpak Nandanoori;Ian A. Hiskens;Karan Kalsi

2019 American Control Conference (ACC)
Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (19)
Inverter-interfaced microgrids differ from the traditional power systems due to their lack of inertia. Vanishing timescale separation between voltage and frequency dynamics makes it critical that faster-timescale stabilizing control laws also guarantee by-construction the satisfaction of voltage limits during transients. In this article, we apply a barrier functions method to compute distributed a...Show More

Distributed Barrier Certificates for Safe Operation of Inverter-Based Microgrids

Soumya Kundu;Sijia Geng;Sai Pushpak Nandanoori;Ian A. Hiskens;Karan Kalsi

Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |

Applying Steinmetz Circuit Design to Mitigate Voltage Unbalance Using Distributed Solar PV

Mengqi Yao;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

2019 IEEE Milan PowerTech
Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (7)
Distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems can contribute to voltage unbalance in electric power distribution networks. However, PV inverter control can also be used to help mitigate voltage unbalance. Steinmetz proposed a circuit design method to achieve voltage balance by controlling the reactances of three-phase delta-connected constant-impedance loads. The approach is simple, open-loop, and d...Show More

Applying Steinmetz Circuit Design to Mitigate Voltage Unbalance Using Distributed Solar PV

Mengqi Yao;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |

Parametric Dependence of Large Disturbance Response for Vector Fields with Event-Selected Discontinuities

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

2019 18th European Control Conference (ECC)
Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |
The ability of a nonlinear system to recover from a large disturbance to a desired stable equilibrium point depends on system parameter values, which are often uncertain and time varying. A particular disturbance acting for a finite time can be modeled as an implicit map that takes a parameter value to its corresponding post-disturbance initial condition in state space. The system recovers when th...Show More

Parametric Dependence of Large Disturbance Response for Vector Fields with Event-Selected Discontinuities

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2019 | Conference Paper |

Second-Order Trajectory Sensitivity Analysis of Hybrid Systems

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
Year: 2019 | Volume: 66, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (24)
Hybrid dynamical systems are characterized by intrinsic coupling between continuous dynamics and discrete events. This paper has adopted a differential-algebraic impulsive switched (DAIS) model to capture such dynamic behavior. For such systems, trajectory sensitivity analysis provides a valuable approach for describing perturbations of system trajectories resulting from small variations in initia...Show More

Second-Order Trajectory Sensitivity Analysis of Hybrid Systems

Sijia Geng;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2019 | Volume: 66, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |

A Dynamical Systems Approach to Modeling and Analysis of Transactive Energy Coordination

Md Salman Nazir;Ian A. Hiskens

IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Year: 2019 | Volume: 34, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (34)
Under transactive (market-based) coordination, a population of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) and storage devices, bid into an energy market. Consequently, a certain level of demand will be cleared based on the operating conditions of the grid. This paper analyzes the influence of various factors, such as price signals, feeder limits, and user...Show More

A Dynamical Systems Approach to Modeling and Analysis of Transactive Energy Coordination

Md Salman Nazir;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2019 | Volume: 34, Issue: 5 | Journal Article |

Improving Power System Voltage Stability by Using Demand Response to Maximize the Distance to the Closest Saddle-Node Bifurcation

Mengqi Yao;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)
Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (4)
Temporal load shifting via demand response can be used to improve power system frequency stability. Recent work has shown that spatio-temporal load shifting can also be used to improve power system static voltage stability. However, the best static voltage stability metric is an open question. In this paper, we propose a method to improve power system static voltage stability by maximizing the dis...Show More

Improving Power System Voltage Stability by Using Demand Response to Maximize the Distance to the Closest Saddle-Node Bifurcation

Mengqi Yao;Ian A. Hiskens;Johanna L. Mathieu

Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |

Inner Approximation of Minkowski Sums: A Union-Based Approach and Applications to Aggregated Energy Resources

Md Salman Nazir;Ian A. Hiskens;Andrey Bernstein;Emiliano Dall'Anese

2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC)
Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (18)
This paper develops and compares algorithms to compute inner approximations of the Minkowski sum of convex polytopes. As an application, the paper considers the computation of the feasibility set of aggregations of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as solar photovoltaic inverters, controllable loads, and storage devices. To fully account for the heterogeneity in the DERs while ensuring an ...Show More

Inner Approximation of Minkowski Sums: A Union-Based Approach and Applications to Aggregated Energy Resources

Md Salman Nazir;Ian A. Hiskens;Andrey Bernstein;Emiliano Dall'Anese

Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |

Topological Graph Metrics for Detecting Grid Anomalies and Improving Algorithms

Jonas A. Kersulis;Ian A. Hiskens;Carleton Coffrin;Daniel K. Molzahn

2018 Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC)
Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (8)
Power grids are naturally represented as graphs, with buses as nodes and power lines as edges. Graph theory provides many ways to measure power grid graphs, allowing researchers to characterize system structure and optimize algorithms. We apply several topological graph metrics to 33 publicly-available power grids. Results show that a straightforward, computationally inexpensive set of checks can ...Show More

Topological Graph Metrics for Detecting Grid Anomalies and Improving Algorithms

Jonas A. Kersulis;Ian A. Hiskens;Carleton Coffrin;Daniel K. Molzahn

Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |

Numerical Computation of Critical Parameter Values for Fault Recovery in Power Systems

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

2018 Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC)
Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (2)
For a given power system disturbance, it is useful to determine the critical parameter values that cause the resulting trajectory to lie exactly on the boundary (in state space) of the region of attraction of the operating point. These critical parameter values form the boundary, in parameter space, between sets of parameter values for which the system recovers to its original stable operating poi...Show More

Numerical Computation of Critical Parameter Values for Fault Recovery in Power Systems

Michael W. Fisher;Ian A. Hiskens

Year: 2018 | Conference Paper |

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