Test Whats new message.
Scheduled Maintenance on Monday 1/13/2025
Single article sales and account management will be unavailable from 5:00 AM - 7:00 PM ET (09:00 - 23:00 UTC). We apologize for the inconvenience.
Popular Documents - February 2025
Includes the 50 most frequently accessed documents for this publication.
Date
February 2025
The author describes neural network controllers for robot manipulators in a variety of applications, including position control, force control, parallel-link mechanisms, and digital neural network control. These "model-free" controllers offer a powerful and robust alternative to adaptive control.Show More
Analogical reasoning appears to play a key role in creative design. In briefly reviewing recent research on analogy-based creative design, this article first examines characterizations of creative design and then analyzes theories of analogical design in terms of four questions: why, what, how and when? After briefly describing recent AI theories of analogy-based creative design, the article focus...Show More
Processing natural language such as English has always been one of the central research issues of artificial intelligence, both because of the key role language plays in human intelligence and because of the wealth of potential applications. Many of the knowledge representation and inference techniques that have been applied successfully in knowledge-based systems were originally developed for pro...Show More
Most models fail to capture the rationale behind processes, making business reengineering less effective. The authors describe their I* framework, which views organizations as collections of actors with strategic interests, and interdependencies involving goals, tasks, and resources. The authors discuss the ConGolog framework, which supports reasoning about the dynamics of processes under incomple...Show More
A product design process begins with functional or conceptual design, followed by basic design and detailed design. Among these, functional design plays the central role in ensuring design quality and product innovativeness. Because function is the most crucial concept in designing better and more innovative products, functional reasoning technology is indispensable to the development of future ad...Show More
Finding the shortest route using cases, knowledge, and Djikstra's algorithm
Bing Liu;Siew-Hwee Choo;Shee-Ling Lok;Sing-Meng Leong;Soo-Chee Lee;Foong-Ping Poon;Hwee-Har Tan
Publication Year: 1994,Page(s):7 - 11
This prototype system integrates Dijkstra's algorithm with knowledge-based and case-based components, reducing the time required to find the shortest path between points in a road network.<>Show More
Using natural-language processing to produce weather forecasts
Publication Year: 1994,Page(s):45 - 53
Improved numerical weather prediction simulations have led weather services to examine how and where human forecasters add value to forecast production. The Forecast Production Assistant (FPA) was developed with that in mind. The authors discuss the Forecast Generator (FOG), the first application developed on the FPA. FOG is a bilingual report generator that produces routine and special purpose fo...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreRepresenting, analyzing, and synthesizing biochemical pathways
Publication Year: 1994,Page(s):11 - 21
This article describes computational problems that arise in representing knowledge about the metabolism in electronic form, in analyzing that knowledge to gain deeper insights into complexities of the metabolism, and in applying that knowledge to biology, biotechnology, and health care. These problems push the limits of existing techniques for knowledge representation, planning, integration of het...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreAI coming of age: NASA uses AI for autonomous space exploration
Publication Year: 1997,Page(s):13 - 15
Cited by: Papers (6)
At the end of the 20th Century, many organizations are rethinking the way they do business and are retooling with the ever-moving target of "new technologies". NASA is no exception. To reduce the cost of space-exploration missions while increasing their number, NASA began the revolutionary New Millennium Program (NMP) in early 1995. At the NMP's center is a push for self-guiding and self-regulatin...Show More
The paradoxical success of fuzzy logic
C. Elkan;H.R. Berenji;B. Chandrasekaran;C.J.S. de Silva;Y. Attikiouzel;D. Dubois;H. Prade;P. Smets;C. Freksa;O.N. Garcia;G.J. Klir;Bo Yuan;E.H. Mamdani;F.J. Pelletier;E.H. Ruspini;B. Turksen;N. Vadiee;M. Jamshidi;Pei-Zhuang Wang;Sie-Keng Tan;Shaohua Tan;R.R. Yager;L.A. Zadeh
Publication Year: 1994,Page(s):3 - 49
Fuzzy logic methods have been used successfully in many real-world applications, but the foundations of fuzzy logic remain under attack. Taken together, these two facts constitute a paradox. A second paradox is that almost all of the successful fuzzy logic applications are embedded controllers, while most of the theoretical papers on fuzzy methods deal with knowledge representation and reasoning. ...Show More
The paradoxical success of fuzzy logic
C. Elkan;H.R. Berenji;B. Chandrasekaran;C.J.S. de Silva;Y. Attikiouzel;D. Dubois;H. Prade;P. Smets;C. Freksa;O.N. Garcia;G.J. Klir;Bo Yuan;E.H. Mamdani;F.J. Pelletier;E.H. Ruspini;B. Turksen;N. Vadiee;M. Jamshidi;Pei-Zhuang Wang;Sie-Keng Tan;Shaohua Tan;R.R. Yager;L.A. Zadeh
Year: 1994 | Volume: 9 | Issue: 4
The generalized ID3 (GID3) algorithm, which takes a training set of experimental data and produces a decision tree that predicts the outcome of future experiments under various, more general conditions, is described. The tree can then be translated into a set of rules for an expert system. Two extensions to GID3MmRIST, and KARSM-that deal with the problems of noisy data and the limited availabilit...Show More
Pilot's Associate: a cooperative, knowledge-based system application
Publication Year: 1991,Page(s):18 - 29
The Pilot's Associate program, a joint effort of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and the US Air Force to build a cooperative, knowledge-based system to help pilots make decisions is described, and the lessons learned are examined. The Pilot's Associate concept developed as a set of cooperating, knowledge-based subsystems: two assessor and two planning subsystems, and a pilot ...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MorePilot's Associate: a cooperative, knowledge-based system application
Year: 1991 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 3
The rapid introduction of new technology, a growing number of users, and competition from the developing world are all pushing the computer industry in new directions. Any nation's software industry that hopes to survive as a world-class enterprise must make fundamental challenges in the software development process and its supporting development environment. The traditional waterfall approach to ...Show More
The role of AI in digital libraries
D. Koller;Y. Shoham;M.P. Wellman;E.H. Durfee;W.P. Birmingham;J. Carbonell
Publication Year: 1996,Page(s):8 - 13
Cited by: Papers (4)
The World Wide Web's growing popularity is changing the nature of libraries. Digital libraries offer a huge range of multimedia information-everything from movies, speeches, images, and photos to sounds, text, and beyond. The amount of on-line material is exploding, and the infrastructure for locating and accessing material improves almost daily. With so much and such a wide variety of information...Show More
The role of AI in digital libraries
D. Koller;Y. Shoham;M.P. Wellman;E.H. Durfee;W.P. Birmingham;J. Carbonell
Year: 1996 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 3
Neural networks. II. What are they and why is everybody so interested in them now?
Publication Year: 1988,Page(s):10 - 15
For part I, see ibid., vol. EX-2, no. 4, p. 10-11 (1987). The learning ability of neural networks and their ability to generalize and to abstract or generate ideals from an imperfect training set are examined. Their potential for multiprocessing is considered. A brief history of neural network research is followed by a discussion of their architectures and a presentation of several specific archit...Show More
Neural networks. II. What are they and why is everybody so interested in them now?
Year: 1988 | Volume: 3 | Issue: 1
Integrating AI applications in an energy management system
J.J. Bann;G.D. Irisarri;S. Mokhtari;D.S. Kirschen;B.N. Miller
Publication Year: 1997,Page(s):53 - 59
Cited by: Papers (4)
To effectively integrate expert system applications in an energy management system, the authors created an environment that supports all the interfaces between the AI applications and the EMS. This environment also maintains a model of the power system common to all the AI applications. With this environment in place, users can easily plug AI applications into the EMS. The authors have designed an...Show More
Integrating AI applications in an energy management system
J.J. Bann;G.D. Irisarri;S. Mokhtari;D.S. Kirschen;B.N. Miller
Year: 1997 | Volume: 12 | Issue: 6
Current computing and storage technology is rapidly outstripping society's ability to make meaningful use of the torrent of available data. Without a concerted effort to develop knowledge discovery techniques, organizations stand to forfeit much of the value from the data they currently collect and store.Show More
Accuracy is critical when multiple databases are merged into a single system, because an error in a single record could lead to multiple mismatches. Address normalization is fairly common in database merging. We have developed a system to accurately and efficiently normalize mailing addresses. However, our system differs from other neural network architectures. Its key ingredients are an address d...Show More
Assessing Credit Card Applications Using Machine Learning
Publication Year: 1987,Page(s):71 - 79
Cited by: Papers (130)
First Page of the Article
Show MoreIntelligent monitoring and control of semiconductor manufacturing equipment
Publication Year: 1991,Page(s):19 - 31
Cited by: Papers (23)
The use of AI methods to monitor and control semiconductor fabrication in a state-of-the-art manufacturing environment called the Rapid Thermal Multiprocessor is described. Semiconductor fabrication involves many complex processing steps with limited opportunities to measure process and product properties. By applying additional process and product knowledge to that limited data, AI methods augmen...Show More
Intelligent monitoring and control of semiconductor manufacturing equipment
Year: 1991 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 6
Real-time fault diagnostics
S. Padalkar;G. Karsai;C. Biegl;J. Sztipanovits;K. Okuda;N. Miyasaka
Publication Year: 1991,Page(s):75 - 85
The intelligent process control system (IPCS), an integrated environment for developing complex process control and automation systems is discussed, focusing on its real-time fault diagnostics capability. IPCS has been used to build a supervisory monitoring and diagnostics system for a cogenerator plant. The requirements and problems specific to such systems are examined. The key concepts involved...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreReal-time fault diagnostics
S. Padalkar;G. Karsai;C. Biegl;J. Sztipanovits;K. Okuda;N. Miyasaka
Year: 1991 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 3
Expert prediction, symbolic learning, and neural networks. An experiment on greyhound racing
Hsinchun Chen;P. Buntin Rinde;Linlin She;S. Sutjahjo;C. Sommer;D. Neely
Publication Year: 1994,Page(s):21 - 27
Uncertainty is inevitable in problem solving and decision making. One way to reduce it is by seeking the advice of an expert. When we use computers to reduce uncertainty, the computer itself can become an expert in a specific field through a variety of methods. One such method is machine learning, which involves using a computer algorithm to capture hidden knowledge from data. We compared the pred...Show More
Hypo, a computer program that performs case-based reasoning in the legal domain, helps attorneys analyze and make arguments about new fact situations in terms of the most relevant precedent cases. To perform this task, Hypo must make factual comparisons of cases relative to the problem situation and determine the legal significance of comparisons in terms of arguments about the problem situation. ...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreThe Navlab project, which seeks to build an autonomous robot that can operate in a realistic environment with bad weather, bad lighting, and bad or changing roads, is discussed. The perception techniques developed for the Navlab include road-following techniques using color classification and neural nets. These are discussed with reference to three road-following systems, SCARF, YARF, and ALVINN. ...Show More
Toward autonomous driving: the CMU Navlab. II. Architecture and systems
Publication Year: 1991,Page(s):44 - 52
For pt.1 see ibid., p.31-42 (1991). A description is given of EDDIE, the architecture for the Navlab mobile robot which provides a toolkit for building specific systems quickly and easily. Included in the discussion are the annotated maps used by EDDIE and the Navlab's road-following system, called the Autonomous Mail Vehicle, which was built using EDDIE and its annotated maps as a basis. The cont...Show More
Toward autonomous driving: the CMU Navlab. II. Architecture and systems
Year: 1991 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 4
Explanations in knowledge systems: design for explainable expert systems
Publication Year: 1991,Page(s):58 - 64
The explainable expert systems framework (EES), in which the focus is on capturing those design aspects that are important for producing good explanations, including justifications of the system's actions, explications of general problem-solving strategies, and descriptions of the system's terminology, is discussed. EES was developed as part of the Strategic Computing Initiative of the US Dept. of...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreExplanations in knowledge systems: design for explainable expert systems
Year: 1991 | Volume: 6 | Issue: 3
Knowledge-based software engineering emphasizes the fact that creating software is a knowledge-intensive activity, and proposes that making more knowledge available will facilitate the timely production of high-quality software. The author gives four reasons for software engineering being an interesting area for AI research. He also stipulates that KBSE researchers must answer several crucial ques...Show More
When a major appliance or office machine breaks down, the vendor usually sends a field service technician to do the repairs. This sounds simple enough, but when the company has hundreds of field personnel covering a large area, and thousands of incoming calls each day, coordinating assignments and scheduling service workers can be a logistical nightmare. When a call comes into a traditional automa...Show More
Printers are always seeking higher productivity by increasing their production rates and minimizing process delays. When process delays have known causes, they can be mitigated by acquiring causal rules from human experts and then applying sensors and automated real-time diagnostic devices to the process. However, for some delays the experts have only weak causal knowledge or none at all. In such ...Show More
On the history of AI applications. II. IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications
Publication Year: 1995,Page(s):61 - 65
Cited by: Papers (2)
An understanding of the history of AI applications through its primary conferences is important for several reasons. First, it provides insight into some of the pioneers to the field and their contributions. Second, it sheds light on the nature of the contributions of academic and nonacademic organizations to the field of AI applications. Third, the national origins of the organizations supporting...Show More
On the history of AI applications. II. IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications
Year: 1995 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 1
Demonstrating the operational feasibility of new technologies: the ARPI IFDs
Publication Year: 1995,Page(s):27 - 33
Cited by: Papers (6)
In the ARPA-Rome planning initiative, technology moves from researchers to users, and feedback is given by users to researchers. Integrated Feasibility Demonstrations are a vital part of this user-centered approach to software engineering: they demonstrate to members of the operational community how maturing technologies can work together to address real problems. ARPI has developed three Integrat...Show More
Demonstrating the operational feasibility of new technologies: the ARPI IFDs
Year: 1995 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 1
Using machine learning techniques in real-world mobile robots
M. Kaiser;V. Klingspor;J. del R. Millan;M. Accame;F. Wallner;R. Dillmann
Publication Year: 1995,Page(s):37 - 45
Cited by: Papers (18)
Applying machine learning techniques can help mobile robots meet the need for increased safety and adaptivity that real world operation demands. The techniques also facilitate robot to user communication. Using these techniques, we built increasingly abstract representations of a robot's perceptions and actions. This produced a symbolic description of what the robot knows and can do. Because this ...Show More
Using machine learning techniques in real-world mobile robots
M. Kaiser;V. Klingspor;J. del R. Millan;M. Accame;F. Wallner;R. Dillmann
Year: 1995 | Volume: 10 | Issue: 2
Web based agents show great potential for design and engineering applications. To integrate engineering agents into the Web, researchers must resolve the conflict between HTTP's client server protocol and the peer to peer protocol required by agents. The author surveys the types and definitions of agents, eventually focusing on those useful for engineering, and on how they can be integrated with t...Show More
In Retsina, the authors have developed a distributed collection of software agents that cooperate asynchronously to perform goal-directed information retrieval and integration for supporting a variety of decision-making tasks. Examples for everyday organizational decision making and financial portfolio management demonstrate its effectiveness.Show More
Nausicaa and the Sirens: A tale of two intelligent autonomous agents
Publication Year: 1996,Page(s):60 - 61
Cited by: Papers (2)
Nausicaa and the Sirens, mythological characters from Homer's Odyssey, have totally different characters. Nausicaa, an intelligent and modest princess, helps Odysseus on his journey to Alcinolis's city. The Sirens, however, are sea creatures who use their beautiful voices to lure mariners onto the rocks surrounding their island. These characters gave me inspiration on how to design and deploy agen...Show More
Nausicaa and the Sirens: A tale of two intelligent autonomous agents
Year: 1996 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 6
One of the enabling technologies of the World Wide Web, along with browsers, domain name servers, and hypertext markup language, is the search engine. Although the Web contains over 100 million pages of information, those millions of pages are useless if you cannot find the pages you need. All major Web search engines operate the same way: a gathering program explores the hyperlinked documents of ...Show More
Gas-turbine condition monitoring using qualitative model-based diagnosis
Publication Year: 1997,Page(s):22 - 31
Gas turbines are critical to the operation of most industrial plants, and their associated maintenance costs can be extremely high. To reduce those costs and increase the availability of their gas turbines, plant operators have for many years relied on routine preventative maintenance-routinely checking and solving small problems before they grow into major ones. Recently, however, the power indus...Show More
Gas-turbine condition monitoring using qualitative model-based diagnosis
Year: 1997 | Volume: 12 | Issue: 3
The authors have developed a software methodology that improves security by using typing biometrics to reinforce password authentication mechanisms. Typing biometrics is the analysis of a user's keystroke patterns. Each user has a unique way of using the keyboard to enter a password; for example, each user types the characters that constitute the password at different speeds. The methodology emplo...Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreAI and expert system myths, legends, and facts
Publication Year: 1990,Page(s):8 - 20
Cited by: Papers (52)
The author identifies major causes leading to ineffective application of artificial intelligence (AI). His views are based on personal observations made over ten years of building, deploying, and reviewing AI-based systems. The author attributes most failures to one or both of the following: misconceptions regarding the nature of AI technology, and poor management skills in acquiring, nurturing, a...Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreD.E. O'Leary (1987) noted the inappropriate nature of traditional software validation techniques for expert system validation and proposed a research methods approach. R.M. O'Keefe et al. (1987) established validation as an important concern in expert system research and development and presented general descriptive methodologies for qualitative and quantitative methods of formal validation. A spe...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreThe question of why some Wall Street AI applications are successful while others fail is explored. The Wall Street problem domain is modeled from a knowledge-based perspective, and the environment is represented from both an object-oriented view and a process view. Both models demonstrate the complexity inherent in formally defining the Wall Street environment. Analytic and cognitive models of the...Show More
Device representation-the significance of functional knowledge
Publication Year: 1991,Page(s):22 - 25
Cited by: Papers (94)
Progress toward a device representation that organizes knowledge based on functionality is described. Device representation involves theories about languages for representing structure, commitments for representing behavior, and kinds of causation needed to represent behaviors. The current focus is on the first two issues. The functional representation described provides a package that shows the r...Show More
The vision research being performed under the Strategic Computing Initiative sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of the US Department of Defense is discussed. The goal is to develop knowledge-based technology that will allow the construction of complete, robust, high-performance image-understanding systems. The projects address four critical areas: visual modeling an...Show More
A framework for process monitoring and diagnosis, called Mimic, is described. Mimic is based on the observation that the key cognitive skill for process operators is the formation of a mental model that not only accounts for current observations but also lets them predict near-term behavior as well as the effect of possible control actions. Mimic exploits three relatively new technologies: semiqua...
Show More
First Page of the Article
Show MoreResource configuration and allocation-a case study of constrained heuristic search
Publication Year: 1992,Page(s):26 - 35
Constrained heuristic search techniques are applied to the problems of product configuration and inventory planning. The architecture of Coral, an interactive, real-time decision support system that maximizes the total number of products requested, given one or more substitutable configurations, is presented. Coral gives inventory managers a tool for managing and allocating component inventories, ...Show More
Resource configuration and allocation-a case study of constrained heuristic search
Year: 1992 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 2
Case-based design support: a case study in architectural design
M. Pearce;A.K. Goel;I.L. Kolodner;C. Zimring;L. Sentosa;R. Billington
Publication Year: 1992,Page(s):14 - 20
Cited by: Papers (79)
Archie, a small computer-based library of architectural design cases, is described. Archie helps architects in the high-level task of conceptual design as opposed to low-level tasks such as drawing and drafting, numerical calculations, and constraint propagation. Archie goes beyond supporting architects in design proposal and critiquing. It acts as a shared external memory that supports two kinds ...Show More
Case-based design support: a case study in architectural design
M. Pearce;A.K. Goel;I.L. Kolodner;C. Zimring;L. Sentosa;R. Billington
Year: 1992 | Volume: 7 | Issue: 5
Photonic neural networks and learning machines
Publication Year: 1992,Page(s):63 - 72
Cited by: Papers (54)
Photonic implementations of neural networks, which use electronics to furnish gain and implement neural transfer functions and establish weighted connections between neutrons using incoherent light, are discussed. Fully or partially optical implementations incorporate coherent light and volume or planar holograms to establish interconnection weights, and spatial light modulators to implement neura...Show More
The Procedural Reasoning System, a generic reasoning system based on the rational-agent architecture, is described. The system has been applied to several real-time applications, including mobile robot control, system control for a surveillance aircraft, and air traffic management. Two applications that are relevant to process industries handling malfunctions for the reaction control system of NAS...Show More
IEEE Account
Purchase Details
Profile Information
Need Help?
- US & Canada: +1 800 678 4333
- Worldwide: +1 732 981 0060
- Contact & Support
- About IEEE Xplore
- Contact Us
- Help
- Accessibility
- Terms of Use
- Nondiscrimination Policy
- Sitemap
- Privacy & Opting Out of Cookies
A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity.
© Copyright 2025 IEEE - All rights reserved. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions.