Fault Diagnosis Generalization Improvement Through Contrastive Learning for a Multistage Centrifugal Pump

Data scarcity in prognostic and health management research presents a significant challenge, often hindering the performance of supervised models due to the difficulty of acquiring diverse fault mode data during prolonged faultless operation. Conversely, nominal operating condition (NOC) data, including both healthy and varied faulty data, are more readily available due to predelivery inspection. Subsequently, we study this novel and unresolved NOC premise that leverages NOC data along with healthy data from other conditions to construct a fault diagnoser called Res-1D-bootstrap your own latent (BYOL) with the proposed probability distribution generalization strategy. The initial step involves a novel approach to the contrastive transformation optimization with the criteria based solely on similarity loss obtained in the training stage. We then pretrain the fault detector based on our NOC premise, followed by finetuning the network exclusively with NOC data. Given the novelty of our premise, there are few models for direct comparison. Thus, we contrast our approach with a supervised baseline, MoCo, an unoptimized equivalent algorithm, and an equivalent algorithm that solely employs NOC data for pretraining the feature extractor. Empirical results demonstrate our model's superior distribution generalization capabilities through the improved classification accuracy across different operating conditions.

I. Introduction

Multistage centrifugal pumps (MCPs) play a crucial role in the energy generation industry, and the failure of them can result in significant economic losses. Then, it is essential to monitor the operating conditions of MCPs and accurately detect any failures in a timely manner [1].