Contents I. Introduction
In the powertrain system, the Cardan shaft transmits the torque from the gearbox to the active differential. Because of this critical role, the Cardan shaft also significantly contributes to the noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) behavior of the entire powertrain. Therefore it is important that the vibration and especially resonance behavior of the Cardan shaft is taken into account right at the engineering and design stage [1]. A notable work in this topic are simulating the entire powertrain system as a close system torsionally vibrating due to looseness and gaps within several components by Lagerberg and Egardt (2004) [2]. This work is followed by a study in controlling the torsional vibration caused by looseness and gaps in the powertrain components using optimal control by Templin and Egardt (2011) [3].
