Optimal Planning Strategy for Electric Vehicle Charging Station integrated with Battery Backed Solar Photovoltaic System in Distribution Network

This study presents a planning methodology for embedding electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) integrated with battery backed solar photovoltaic distributed generators (BBSPVDG) in the 33 bus radial distribution system (RDS) using a combinational multi-objective function based on priori method. To solve the problem, the genetic algorithm (GA) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA) were used. The findings indicate that when an energy management strategy is correctly implemented, significant technological and economical gains can be realised. Additionally, the study demonstrates that combining solar photovoltaic (SPV) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) with EVCS decreases line losses and improves the voltage profile of the system.

I. Introduction

The impending future of the transportation sector shall witness electric vehicles (EV) as a beneficial and efficient replacement for internal combustion engine based vehicles. EVs being sustainable, do not cause pollutant waste by emissions and by the adverse impacts of greenhouses and global warming. Another advantage of EVs is that they operate with a lower energy costs, whereas the fuel used in combustion engines are non-renewable and more expensive than charging batteries. While plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have economic and environmental benefits, increased use of PHEVs is creating new challenges for decision-makers in power distribution systems (DS). While it is certain that the impacts of PHEVs on DS are noticeable, they must be carefully studied for a diversified implementation [1].