Development of Smart Flood Monitoring and Early Warning System using Weather Forecasting Data and Wireless Sensor Networks-A Review

Flooding could be a normal marvel and it is an overflow of water that submerges the land area, which is ordinarily dry in nature bv creating a negative effect on the society due to its tall misfortune on human lives. Due to the negative imnact on the residents and coastal areas, flood prediction and alerting nlavs an important role in the current generation. Recently, a severe flooding took place in the Indian state Kerala during the last monsoon season with a heavy unusual rain, which has led to a severe loss and not happened previously during the century. Within the fortnight, nearly the died people strength is 373, where almost 83% of the dams in the state are opened out to avoid further loss of lives. Thus, the chances of flood occurring should be periodically monitored. Hence, an early warning system is required to save the lives of the people in the endangered areas by using Wireless Sensor Network fWSN). In this paper, a system of Wireless Sensor Networks has been developed and it comprises of sensor hubs that are conveyed at the particular surge and helpless areas for performing a real-time surge checking and discovery. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) can be deployed for many other real time projects, as the data could be collected rapidly and efficiently. The sensor node consists of certain sensors such as temperature sensor, ultrasonic and rain sensor with limited processing and communication capabilities. The detected information from the sensors is transmitted to the microprocessor for further preparation. The processed information is transmitted to cloud by using a LoRA (Long Range) module. A mobile application has been developed to provide an early warning to the people in the affected areas, where mobile is very handy and conveys information as soon as possible. Hence, the latest technology like sensor network will be used to determine the accurate level of flooding and also the mobile phone connected with this technology will send the forecasting information to the affected people in order to prevent the unnecessary loss caused by this natural hazard.

I. Introduction

Natural calamities like Tsunami, Flood, and Earthquake occur randomly and also it rises in a very short periods of time, hence it provides an adverse effect on the society. Subsequently, the innovation acquired with the progressed strategies must be created to capture the occurred signals with a minute intrusion. The discussed important and suitable technology to resolve the issues are wireless sensor networks, which can rapidly act in reaction to sudden varieties of information that additionally sends the obtained information to an information examination center in the zones through a wireless communication [1]. Due to the existence of satellite images, systems which are provided by RADAR is utilized for foreseeing the precipitation and it is required for establishing a real-time flood caution and avoiding the framework by ceaseless checking the stream, precipitation level and water level, moreover to require essential choice to continue the assistance [2]. Also, the water level monitoring of water bodies is also concerned as most important in the drastically changing environmental conditions and recently many researchers are attracted towards this domain. Water level measurement and monitoring pays a good report to the weather prediction and also to calculate the flood occurring chances. Thrust values are been set for the water levels in the rivers to normally compare the present values to check the risk of flooding.