Cyber-Physical System Enabled Smart Grid Based Optimal Controller placement

The modern power system is evolving into a cyber-physical system with integration of information and communication technologies. Implementation of faster control and protection systems is now possible with the bi-direction fast flow of information in our power grids. In this paper, an optimal position of a centralized controller is found, for a Cyber-Physical System enabled smart grid to realize centralized control application. The model takes into consideration the delay associated with each communication line along with data congestion and node degree. This model is tested with IEEE 24 bus system, and a comparison is made based on different locations of the controllers. We identified node availability, and their respective power flows during communication line contingencies.

I. Introduction

With the integration of advanced communication and information technologies in the power system, the grids are evolving into cyber-physical systems [1]. Analyzing previous blackouts in North American grid shows that the leading causes include lack of visibility of grid and unavailable highresolution information for making prudent decisions [2]. With increased resolution, more relevant data is being transferred reliably to the centralized and distributed control centres. With the help of this data and higher computational power, we can realize controls such as automated demand response, reactive power control for stabilizing the bus voltages, transmission network control by high voltage switching, dynamic pricing and other such applications. [3]