A Survey ofNFC Mobile Payment: Challenges and Solutions using Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies

Near-field communication (NFC) is one of the essential technologies in the Internet of Things (IoT) that has facilitated mobile payment across different services. The technology has become increasingly popular, as cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin have revolutionized how payment systems can be designed. However, this technology is subject to security problems, such as man-in-the-middle attacks, doublespending, and replay attacks, raising the need to incorporate other solutions such as blockchain technology. Concerns about the security and privacy of payments using NFC technology raise the need to adopt blockchain-based cryptocurrency payment. For instance, NFC payment has been criticized for a lack of measures to counter potential attacks, such as brute force or double-spending. Thus, incorporating blockchain technology is expected to improve the security features of the NFC mobile payment protocol and improve user experience. Blockchain technology has been praised for enabling fair payment, as it permits direct transactions without engaging a third party. Therefore, integrating blockchain cryptocurrency in IoT devices will revolutionize the NFC payment method and provide value transfer using IoT devices. Combining NFC with blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies is necessary to address security and privacy problems. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential behind incorporating blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin in the NFC payment protocol.

I. Introduction

Near-field communication (NFC) is an essential technology in the Intemet of Things (IoT) [1]. It is a communication technology with a short-range and high frequency, suitable for micropayments, electronic tickets, and accesscontrol functions, and is mostly used in the finance and transport industries [2]. Many NFC mobile payment protocols have been widely used and have attracted significant attention from researchers in recent years. This technology has been vital in improving the global economy, with a consequent improvement in human well-being. As a result, NFC mobile payment has become a prominent way to conduct sales transactions in mobile commerce [3]. The introduction of Bitcoin revolutionized how payment systems can be designed and at the same time provided a novel blockchain data structure that can be adapted in several applications for the storage of data. Due to these data structures, blockchain is considered an innovative solution that can be vital in logistics and finance.