Analysis of Biobriquette from Rice Husk for Biomass Power Plants: A Review

The long-term use of fossil energy has expected to be exhausted if there is no breakthrough for renewable energy. Energy source future will become extinct along with the increasing energy needs and population, which impacts on energy consumption. Electrical energy sources by industry, households, offices, and schools are needed. For this reason, the development of biomass produced from rice husk as organic waste with developed through the biobriquette method has expected to provide a solution to overcome future energy scarcity. Besides, it can also be utilized for the development of adequate electrical energy in rural areas of Indonesia. As an agrarian country, most of its population depends on livelihoods in the agricultural sector. The biobriquette has developed used rice husk as the main of raw material plus other components as an adhesive. Therefore, to create high-quality briquettes and produce charcoal as fuel in driving steam turbines within power plants, further analysis is needed. The advanced method is necessary to develop in Indonesia. The rice husk has easily obtained and able to supply raw materials for processing briquette biomass at a more economical and efficient cost compared to biomass using gasification, pyrolysis, liquefaction, and biochemical methods. So far, rice husk only turns into a waste of rice refinery production without any use as electrical energy.

I. Introduction

Various innovations have been carried out to create environmentally friendly and useful biomass energy for the development of renewable alternative energy so that it can provide a sustainable source of energy. As it is known that biomass energy is a type of fuel created by converting biological materials such as plants, manure from animals and microorganisms. Various examples of biomass energy include: First Biogas, is a type of alternative energy produced through the breakdown of organic materials, such as manure, human waste, plant material and others. How to make biogas is that all the organic material is broken down through the fermentation process using the help of anaerobic microorganisms to produce methane gas and carbon dioxide. Secondly, wood is combusted on the wood producing heat energy released by the wood used to produce heat, cooking and on a large scale wood is also used for electricity production, such as steam power plants. Third, agricultural waste that can be used for this energy is manure, bagasse and also straw. These wastes can be processed into fuel to produce electricity and heat. The four energy plants, including hemp, com, wheat and soybeans. These plants are deliberately planted on a large scale to produce fuel, such as propanol, bio-diesel, butanol and ethanol.