Printed Functionality for Point-of-Need Diagnostics in Resource-Limited Settings

The work presented details micro and nano technologies for point-of-need health and environmental diagnostics in resource-limited settings, specifically in Southern Africa. The challenges faced in these settings have limited the effectiveness of point-of-need diagnostic solutions. By combining the growing fields of paper-based diagnostics and printed electronics, the extensive possibilities of functional printing can be utilized to develop novel, low-cost solutions for improving the quality of life of those who need it most. Examples of the research progress made in South Africa are presented, with a map for the way forward, encompassing the different technologies, skills and manufacturing processes required.

I. Introduction

Resource-limited settings are often the worst affected when facing health, environmental, educational and economic challenges, particularly in developing countries such as South Africa [1].