Influence of trip complexity on optimal driving based Energy Management System of Electric Vehicle

Electric vehicles (EVs) have a restricted range due to its inadequate energy storage space, it takes much longer to recharge. Furthermore, charging stations are not as sufficient as fueling stations for diesel or gasoline vehicles. Therefore, the primary motivation in optimal driving based energy management system (DAEM) is to consume the stored energy in a competent way to perform the entire trip. Moreover, due to avoiding accident, quality of road and other reasons, the road speed limits are restricted, and it is observed in both downtown as well as highway. Keeping various speed limits results in increasing the trip complexity which effects in maintaining a same driving strategy throughout a trip. In the present paper, an investigation of the influence of trip complexity on DAEM results was carried out. Two driving cycles (neighborhood and highway) are considered for constructing various trip complexities for this investigation.

I. Introduction

Now a day's EVs are popular in all over the world. Several problems of environment are relevant in recent scenario. To make the EVs as future of personal transportation and to increase the customers' acceptance, these problems should be overcome by developing suitable technology. Limited charging capacity of battery, long charging time and insufficient charging stations are the major hindrances in EV system [1]. Therefore, the primary motivation to overcome such hindrances is the stored energy is to be utilized in an efficient way which leads to the development of energy management system. From previous research studies [2], it was found that driving behavior of a driver play a significant influence of fuel consumption. By realizing such research findings, an optimal driving based Energy Management System to assist drive (so called DAEM) was proposed in [3]. DAEM presents a driving strategy to the driver for optimal driving by solving a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) towards minimizing the energy consumption and trip time, and maximizing driving comfort. In [3], the working principle of DAEM was presented in a simple micro trip that consists of a single driving cycle. After analysizing the DAEM results corresponding to various micro-trip lengths, it was revealed that in addition to assist the driver for proper driving, a significant reduction of EV operating cost through minimizing the fuel consumption and increasing the safety factor can be achieved with the used of DAEM.It was found that DAEM system can reduce the energy utilization (above 1.7% per Km) depending on route type of simple micro-trip with low driving cycle. In [4], an extensive study of the influence of initial battery charge and route characteristics on DAEM results was conducted.