Contents I. Introduction
Quality research requires proper funding, appraisals, promotions or research facility. The problem arises when the system become corrupt. It happens in general when money, power or without expertise people involved. The field of academic research is not free from that as well. People often trick the system to get what they desire. Various metrics - quantitative and qualitative-have been devised over the years to measure the research impact of the authors. These author level metrics are also being applied to the affiliation institutes to measure their research impact as well. A citation metric, h-index has made its way into many popular citation databases like Scopus, Google Scholar, etc. To overcome the limitations of the popular h-index, several other bibliometric indicators like g-index, m-index, e-index have been devised over the years. All of these citation metrics have their own pros and cons. Authors tend to use unethical ways to inflate these citation metrics, for example irrelevant self-citation, mutual co-authoring, etc. Universities and research institutes affiliate such authors to increase its research output rather than quality research. Publishing conference paper is much easier task than publishing a peer reviewed journal. However, both considered equal as a document and citation count in the Scopus. Academic institutes have used this trick to increase their research output. This affects the ranking of educational institutions maximally. The university ranking has gained popularity as there are several ranking systems that exist today.
