Enhanced energy zonal stable election protocol for clustered heterogeneous wireless sensor network

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is made up of a large number of sensor nodes with limited energy that cooperate to perform a sensing task. The major challenges in WSN mainly are node lifetime, the decrease in consumption of energy, stability of node and resultant throughput of the network and its nodes. To increase the node lifetime and to save energy, the clustering process is widely used. The effectual routing protocol in a clustering process plays a significant part in preservation of stability and energy of nodes. Enhanced Energy Zonal Stable Election Protocol (EEZSEP) for clustered heterogeneous wireless sensor network is proposed for clustering process. This protocol is based on the selection of cluster head process. In this paper, we use average energy and residual energy of nodes for selecting the cluster head. In this protocol, the clustering technique used by the sensing nodes to forward data to base station as in Zonal Stable Election Protocol (ZSEP). We implement EEZSEP and compare it to traditional SEP and ZSEP. Simulation results show that EEZSEP enhances the node stability, node lifetime and resultant throughput by comparing the performance with existing protocols SEP and ZSEP.

I. Introduction

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is made up of few to several sensor nodes that are expanding anywhere to guide natural environmental condition, such as climate, fire, motion [2]. In WSN node sensed the information from any area and transmitted their record to the main location. WSN, is very important in the area where other devices are not working properly they are mainly used in the area like health care, industry for sending and receiving data, military for detect enemy intrusion and home appliances such as fire alarm [1]. There are two types of node in WSN such as mobile node or stationary that is distributed in the area through a proper mechanism. Recently the conservation of energy has been the main role in WSN. The battery is the main source of power in sensor network, means their life is totally depend on its battery.