Role of Internet of Things in disaster management

Disasters, both man-made and natural, occurs frequently throughout the globe. When these happen, it furnishes some outrageous results. Loss of life, property and habitat are few of the outcomes of the disasters. Efficient management techniques should be implemented for minimizing the damage and risks involved with disasters. Technology growth is not reflecting in the area of emergency management. Internet of Things, rapidly evolving to Internet of Anything and Everything, can be introduced to manage disaster scenarios. Rescue events can be interlinked through IoT for proper management approach. Disaster warning systems, rescue methods, follow-up, and regulation techniques can be conjugated for this purpose. This paper introduces a novel architectural system for productive disaster management using IoT techniques which reduces the fatality of a disaster phenomenon.

I. Introduction

II. Disaster management or emergency management is the creation of schemes through which communities are encouraged to reduce the peril towards hazards and are trained to cope with disasters. Disaster management is not about averting or eliminating the threats; instead, it emphasis on creating plans to decrease the consequences of disasters [1]. Disasters are of two types, natural and man-made. Natural disasters comprises of earthquake, volcanic eruptions, floods, Tsunami, droughts, cyclone, forest fires and landslides. Events such as chemical leaks, nuclear leaks, road accidents, structural damage and terrorist attacks can be listed under man-made disasters. All of these disasters are more frequently happening in this century due to urbanization and globalization. Many early warning systems are present, but management techniques are restricted to rules and regulations. With rapid technology growth, significance should also be given to management process.