Cooperative scheduling for supply/demand side reserves with renewables considering load recovery

In order to accommodate to the uncertainty of renewables, this paper proposes a methodology to cooperatively optimize spinning reserve for both supply and demand sides in day-ahead scheduling. A novel stochastic programming model in mix-integer linear form is developed, in which the reserve levels, optimal reserve scheduling and the optimal cost can be achieved. In the model, reserves are coordinated both in space dimension by considering network constraints and in time dimension due to load recovery effects of controllable loads and stochastic process of wind penetration.

I. Introduction

The development of renewable technology in recent years has been noticeably improved [1]–[3]. Utilization of wind is mature, but also causes additional variability and uncertainty. Accordingly, high wind penetration challenges the safe and stable operation of electric power system.