Frequency stability analysis of hybrid power system based on solar PV with SMEs unit

Storage Technology has emerged as main backup powers provider in the era of Smart Grid. Frequency stability analysis of a hybrid power system (HPS) based on solar PV and Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage system (SMES) unit have discussed in this paper. Generally frequency instability problem occurs due to abrupt variation in load demand growth and generated power variations from different renewable power sources. To Solve these fluctuating problem, renewable power generators are equipped with various storage system. On the bases of frequency stability, effect of enabling the SMEs operation with the HPS has also been analyzed in this paper. HPS model has simulated in two different cases. First one is the steady state analysis with controller and another is dynamic operation of the system throughout a day. Genetic Algorithm is used for optimizing the controller's parameter. In the presence of large disturbance the effect of limited storage capability of SMES unit as large disturbance is also being considered. Matlab/Simulink platform is used for analyzing the HPS model. From Simulation results it is observed that SMES unit can mitigate the frequency fluctuations and improves system stability in both cases for variable PV power and uneven demand loads.

I. Introduction

Looking into the effect of greenhouse on earth's atmosphere we can very well understand the importance of renewable energy generation which is totally pollution free. These sources include wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy wave energy, ocean energy, geothermal energy, and biomass& bio gas energy [1], [14]. Renewable energy technologies are clean sources of energy that have a much lower environmental impact than conventional energy technologies. Among all renewable, PV systems are getting more attraction worldwide [14]–[16]. Major application of the PV system to provide power facilities to satellite equipments, off grid application where the grid integration is not possible or not available and grid connected application [2], [21]. PV arrays can be installed in domestic locations such facades, rooftops of buildings, and shades of parking lots. Power coming from this type of plants can be injected to local grid or may be used to compensate domestic load demand. There are many projects going on worldwide based on solar power facilities with storage [1]–[4]. Even though applications of PV system, increasing drastically, but this technology still facing many hurdles such as the intermittent nature of environmental concerns, their high capital cost, and variable output power creates instability in the grid connected system [2], [16]. Another main concern that appearances the globally installation of grid-connected PV systems, operational problems in distribution system, especially when a large megawatt PV system is connected into the electric grid. This is the area where researchers are about to think. The effect of installed PV systems on the performance of the micro-grid PV system with storage system has analyzed.