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Frequency Analysis and Multiline Implementation of Compensated Impedance Inverter for Wideband Doherty High-Power Amplifier Design | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore
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Journals & Magazines >IEEE Transactions on Microwav... >Volume: 64 Issue: 5

Frequency Analysis and Multiline Implementation of Compensated Impedance Inverter for Wideband Doherty High-Power Amplifier Design

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Alessandro Cidronali; Stefano Maddio; Niccoló Giovannelli; Giovanni Collodi
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Abstract:

In this paper, we present a frequency analysis of a compensated impedance inverter and its effective implementation in the context of high-power Doherty amplifier (DPA) d...Show More

Metadata

Abstract:

In this paper, we present a frequency analysis of a compensated impedance inverter and its effective implementation in the context of high-power Doherty amplifier (DPA) design. On the basis of an idealized DPA model, we calculate the expected operative bandwidth and the corresponding maximum drain efficiency as a function of the modulated signal statistics. In addition, we introduce an effective technique for the implementation of the compensated impedance inverter, suitable for preserving its broadband characteristics in the presence of large device's output capacitance. The implementation technique is based on the generalized equivalent transmission-line equivalence principle, which considers both shortening and lengthening the equivalent transmission lines. We demonstrate that, by the proposed approach, parasitic absorption is possible maintaining a low Q-factor of the equivalent network. The technique is validated by the development of a silicon laterally diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor DPA with optimized peak power and efficiency for applications in the 650-950-MHz band. The fabricated prototype is characterized by an LTE signal with a 20-MHz bandwidth and peak-to-average-power ratio of 7.5 dB and features an average drain efficiency between 37% and 47%, with an average power of 49 dBm across 37.5% of the bandwidth.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques ( Volume: 64, Issue: 5, May 2016)
Page(s): 1359 - 1372
Date of Publication: 27 April 2016

ISSN Information:

DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2549524
Author image of Alessandro Cidronali
Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Alessandro Cidronali (M’89–SM’11) received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1992 and 1997, respectively.
From 1999 to 2011, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. From 1999 to 2003, he was a Visiting Researcher with the Motorola Physics Science Research Labor...Show More
Alessandro Cidronali (M’89–SM’11) received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1992 and 1997, respectively.
From 1999 to 2011, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. From 1999 to 2003, he was a Visiting Researcher with the Motorola Physics Science Research Labor...View more
Author image of Stefano Maddio
Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Stefano Maddio (M’12) was born in Florence, Italy, on September 3, 1978. He received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2005 and 2009, respectively.
He was a Research Associate with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. His research activities cover both the electromagnetic and electronic topics of the mi...Show More
Stefano Maddio (M’12) was born in Florence, Italy, on September 3, 1978. He received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2005 and 2009, respectively.
He was a Research Associate with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. His research activities cover both the electromagnetic and electronic topics of the mi...View more
Author image of Niccoló Giovannelli
Infineon Technologies AG, Neubiberg, Germany
Infineon Technologies America, San Jose, CA, USA
Niccoló Giovannelli was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1984. He received the M.S. degree (cum laude) in electronic engineering and Ph.D. degree in RF, microwaves and electromagnetics from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2007 and 2011, respectively.
From 2008 to 2011, he was with Nujira Ltd., Cambridge, U.K., where he was developing high-efficiency envelope tracking power amplifiers for base stations, TV broadc...Show More
Niccoló Giovannelli was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1984. He received the M.S. degree (cum laude) in electronic engineering and Ph.D. degree in RF, microwaves and electromagnetics from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2007 and 2011, respectively.
From 2008 to 2011, he was with Nujira Ltd., Cambridge, U.K., where he was developing high-efficiency envelope tracking power amplifiers for base stations, TV broadc...View more
Author image of Giovanni Collodi
Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Giovanni Collodi was born in Florence, Italy, in 1966. He received the M.S. degree in electronic engineering (first-class honors) and Ph.D. degree in computer science and telecommunication engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1996 and 2002, respectively. His doctoral work focused on MMIC circuit design and device modeling.
From 2001 to 2004, he was a Postdoctoral Researcher with Arcetri Astrophy...Show More
Giovanni Collodi was born in Florence, Italy, in 1966. He received the M.S. degree in electronic engineering (first-class honors) and Ph.D. degree in computer science and telecommunication engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1996 and 2002, respectively. His doctoral work focused on MMIC circuit design and device modeling.
From 2001 to 2004, he was a Postdoctoral Researcher with Arcetri Astrophy...View more
Contents

I. Introduction

The mainstream about the development of advanced Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) considers the improvement of energy efficiency across wide signal dynamics [1]–[3], the assessment of the linearity-versus-peak-power tradeoff [4], [5], as well as the development of design techniques to overcome the operational bandwidth constraints [6]–[8]. In this context, the present paper addresses the topic of the enhancement of the operative bandwidth of a DPA by introducing a new design technique for the development of a DPA output combiner. The technique is based on the innovative use of the equivalent transmission-line equivalence concept and consists of the inclusion of large parasitic device’s elements in the equivalent transmission line, even in the more general case of peak and main devices with different output capacitances.

Author image of Alessandro Cidronali
Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Alessandro Cidronali (M’89–SM’11) received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1992 and 1997, respectively.
From 1999 to 2011, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. From 1999 to 2003, he was a Visiting Researcher with the Motorola Physics Science Research Laboratory. From 2002 to 2005, he was a Guest Researcher with the Non-Linear Device Characterization Group, Electromagnetic Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Under the frame of the IST-EU FP6 Network TARGET (IST-1–507893-NOE), he served as a Workpackage Leader for the transmitters modeling/architectures for wireless broadband access’ work packages. Currently, he is an Associate Professor with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, where he teaches courses on electron devices and integrated microwave circuits. His research activities concern the study of analysis and synthesis methods for nonlinear microwave circuits, the design of broadband microwave integrated circuits and the development of computer-aided design (CAD) modeling for microwave devices and circuits.
Prof. Cidronali was a recipient of the Best Paper Award presented at the 61st ARFTG Conference. From 2004 to 2006, he was an associate editor for the IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques. Currently he is member of IEEE Micrwowave Theory and Techniques Society TC-20 Wireless Communications and TC-27 Vehicular Technologies and Communications.
Alessandro Cidronali (M’89–SM’11) received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1992 and 1997, respectively.
From 1999 to 2011, he was an Assistant Professor with the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. From 1999 to 2003, he was a Visiting Researcher with the Motorola Physics Science Research Laboratory. From 2002 to 2005, he was a Guest Researcher with the Non-Linear Device Characterization Group, Electromagnetic Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Under the frame of the IST-EU FP6 Network TARGET (IST-1–507893-NOE), he served as a Workpackage Leader for the transmitters modeling/architectures for wireless broadband access’ work packages. Currently, he is an Associate Professor with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, where he teaches courses on electron devices and integrated microwave circuits. His research activities concern the study of analysis and synthesis methods for nonlinear microwave circuits, the design of broadband microwave integrated circuits and the development of computer-aided design (CAD) modeling for microwave devices and circuits.
Prof. Cidronali was a recipient of the Best Paper Award presented at the 61st ARFTG Conference. From 2004 to 2006, he was an associate editor for the IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques. Currently he is member of IEEE Micrwowave Theory and Techniques Society TC-20 Wireless Communications and TC-27 Vehicular Technologies and Communications.View more
Author image of Stefano Maddio
Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Stefano Maddio (M’12) was born in Florence, Italy, on September 3, 1978. He received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2005 and 2009, respectively.
He was a Research Associate with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. His research activities cover both the electromagnetic and electronic topics of the microwave engineering, such as the analysis and design of radiative systems for microelectronics in the field of smart antenna technology for wireless applications, with particular emphasis on the issues of wireless localization and special-purpose antenna systems for Dedicated Short Range Communications. His scientific interests also cover the area of signal elaboration and manipulation at front-end level, with particular emphasis on active and passive filtering and noise mitigation as well as numerical techniques for free and guided electromagnetic propagation.
Stefano Maddio (M’12) was born in Florence, Italy, on September 3, 1978. He received the Laurea and Ph.D. degrees in electronics engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2005 and 2009, respectively.
He was a Research Associate with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. His research activities cover both the electromagnetic and electronic topics of the microwave engineering, such as the analysis and design of radiative systems for microelectronics in the field of smart antenna technology for wireless applications, with particular emphasis on the issues of wireless localization and special-purpose antenna systems for Dedicated Short Range Communications. His scientific interests also cover the area of signal elaboration and manipulation at front-end level, with particular emphasis on active and passive filtering and noise mitigation as well as numerical techniques for free and guided electromagnetic propagation.View more
Author image of Niccoló Giovannelli
Infineon Technologies AG, Neubiberg, Germany
Infineon Technologies America, San Jose, CA, USA
Niccoló Giovannelli was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1984. He received the M.S. degree (cum laude) in electronic engineering and Ph.D. degree in RF, microwaves and electromagnetics from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2007 and 2011, respectively.
From 2008 to 2011, he was with Nujira Ltd., Cambridge, U.K., where he was developing high-efficiency envelope tracking power amplifiers for base stations, TV broadcast, and military applications. From 2011 to 2014, he was with Infineon Technologies, Munich, Germany, as a Senior RF Applications Engineer working on RF power transistors in both LDMOS and GaN technologies. He is currently with Infineon Technologies Americas, San Jose, CA, USA, as a Cellular Applications Engineering Manager. His research interests include high-efficiency RF power amplifier design, RF systems, and advanced transmitter architectures for future base-stations and RF power applications.
Niccoló Giovannelli was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1984. He received the M.S. degree (cum laude) in electronic engineering and Ph.D. degree in RF, microwaves and electromagnetics from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 2007 and 2011, respectively.
From 2008 to 2011, he was with Nujira Ltd., Cambridge, U.K., where he was developing high-efficiency envelope tracking power amplifiers for base stations, TV broadcast, and military applications. From 2011 to 2014, he was with Infineon Technologies, Munich, Germany, as a Senior RF Applications Engineer working on RF power transistors in both LDMOS and GaN technologies. He is currently with Infineon Technologies Americas, San Jose, CA, USA, as a Cellular Applications Engineering Manager. His research interests include high-efficiency RF power amplifier design, RF systems, and advanced transmitter architectures for future base-stations and RF power applications.View more
Author image of Giovanni Collodi
Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Giovanni Collodi was born in Florence, Italy, in 1966. He received the M.S. degree in electronic engineering (first-class honors) and Ph.D. degree in computer science and telecommunication engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1996 and 2002, respectively. His doctoral work focused on MMIC circuit design and device modeling.
From 2001 to 2004, he was a Postdoctoral Researcher with Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory, Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. In 2002, he was also a Visiting Researcher with the Physical Sciences Research Lab Motorola, Tempe, AZ, USA. In the same period, he was a Contract Professor of electronics with the University of Florence. During his postdoctoral work with Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory, he was involved with the ATACAMA Large Millimeter Array radio telescope project (integrated circuit design). In 2005, he became an Assistant Professor with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, where he focused his interest on developing systems for wireless applications. In 2006, he began his involvement with the Interdepartmental Centre Technology and Microsystems for Quality and Environmental Safety (CITMQSA). Since 2007, he has taught a course on technology and systems for wireless application His interest is now focused on the development of microwave systems.
Giovanni Collodi was born in Florence, Italy, in 1966. He received the M.S. degree in electronic engineering (first-class honors) and Ph.D. degree in computer science and telecommunication engineering from the University of Florence, Florence, Italy, in 1996 and 2002, respectively. His doctoral work focused on MMIC circuit design and device modeling.
From 2001 to 2004, he was a Postdoctoral Researcher with Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory, Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. In 2002, he was also a Visiting Researcher with the Physical Sciences Research Lab Motorola, Tempe, AZ, USA. In the same period, he was a Contract Professor of electronics with the University of Florence. During his postdoctoral work with Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory, he was involved with the ATACAMA Large Millimeter Array radio telescope project (integrated circuit design). In 2005, he became an Assistant Professor with the Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, where he focused his interest on developing systems for wireless applications. In 2006, he began his involvement with the Interdepartmental Centre Technology and Microsystems for Quality and Environmental Safety (CITMQSA). Since 2007, he has taught a course on technology and systems for wireless application His interest is now focused on the development of microwave systems.View more
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