Compact Onboard Single-Phase EV Battery Charger With Novel Low-Frequency Ripple Compensator and Optimum Filter Design | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore

Compact Onboard Single-Phase EV Battery Charger With Novel Low-Frequency Ripple Compensator and Optimum Filter Design


Abstract:

This paper proposes a novel double-grid-frequency-ripple-reducing technique for electric vehicle (EV) battery charger applications. In 1-φ EV battery chargers, due to dou...Show More

Abstract:

This paper proposes a novel double-grid-frequency-ripple-reducing technique for electric vehicle (EV) battery charger applications. In 1-φ EV battery chargers, due to double-frequency ripple, it is not possible to control the current using a single-power-stage approach. Hence, a two-stage approach is used. However, a bulky inductor and a capacitor are required to control the current, which adds to the system's weight and cost. The single-stage charging system described in this paper can charge the battery with almost ripple-free current without using a bulky electrolytic capacitor. At the same time, it can maintain high power factor (PF) and low total harmonic distortion on the input ac side. The proposed ripple compensation solution is realized by an innovative combination of boost and zeta converters connected in series with the battery charger, which reduces the filter capacitor value considerably. This facilitates the use of a film capacitor, which has a much longer life compared with an electrolytic capacitor. Similarly, the value of the filter inductor used in series with the battery is reduced significantly. Battery ripple current is not increased in the process; therefore, the battery life remains unaffected. Representative analytical, simulation, and experimental results are presented.
Published in: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology ( Volume: 65, Issue: 4, April 2016)
Page(s): 1948 - 1956
Date of Publication: 21 April 2015

ISSN Information:


I. Introduction

Rapid industrialization and population growth have led to an exorbitant use of conventional energy sources. Conventional energy sources (fossil fuels) such as petrol, diesel, and coal spew large amounts of greenhouse gases into the environment, which are highly detrimental to life on Earth. Internal combustion (IC) engine-based vehicles are among the major consumers of fossil fuels and are responsible for causing significant environmental pollution. Due to rapid depletion of fossil fuels and growing awareness about environmental pollution issues, electric vehicles (EVs) are gradually gaining popularity. An EV uses pollution-free battery power (or power from fuel cell stack, etc.) to produce clean energy to power the vehicle [1]. According to standard SAE J1772 [2], there are two types of battery chargers for EVs: a) off-board (stand-alone) chargers and b) onboard (integrated) chargers. In off-board battery chargers, the charger is mounted on the charging station and they do not have constraint of size and weight. The onboard battery chargers are more popular because they are mountable on the EV; thus, EV can be charged anywhere [2]– [4]. Typical characteristics desired of the onboard battery charger are light weight, high energy density, and capability of delivering high power with high efficiency to maximize the output and distance covered per charging [5], [6].

References

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