Life-Cycle Assessment
Our methodology for determining a digital service's end-to-end energy consumption draws on the life-cycle assessment model. This technique is commonly used to measure the overall, “cradle-to-grave” environmental impact of a consumer product-a packet of crisps, for example-by identifying the share of total inputs and processes involved in its manufacture, distribution, use, and disposal, and then allocating a corresponding share of associated environmental impacts for that product.