SCUC With Hourly Demand Response Considering Intertemporal Load Characteristics

In this paper, the hourly demand response (DR) is incorporated into security-constrained unit commitment (SCUC) for economic and security purposes. SCUC considers fixed and responsive loads. Unlike fixed hourly loads, responsive loads are modeled with their intertemporal characteristics. The responsive loads linked to hourly market prices can be curtailed or shifted to other operating hours. The study results show that DR could shave the peak load, reduce the system operating cost, reduce fuel consumptions and carbon footprints, and reduce the transmission congestion by reshaping the hourly load profile. Numerical simulations in this paper exhibit the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Indices:

Index for bus.

Index for unit.

Index for time.

Sets:

Superscript for fixed loads.

Superscript for responsive loads.

Parameters:

Number of buses.

Number of units.

Number of time periods (hours).

Max curtailable daily load at bus .

Fixed load at bus at time .

Submitted responsive load at bus at time .

Min curtailable load at bus at time .

Drop off rate of load at bus .

Pickup rate of load at bus .

Min on time of load at bus .

Min off time of load at bus .

on time of load at bus and time .

off time of load at bus at time .

Variables:

Consumption benefit at bus at time .

Load at bus at time .

Responsive load at bus at time .

Generation cost of unit at time .

Commitment state of unit at time .

Generation of unit at time .

Curtailment state of load at bus at time .

Power mismatch at time .

,

Dual variables.

Symbols:

Given variables.