High-Gain 64-Element Array Antenna: Design, Simulation, and Performance Metrics for Ku-Band Satellite Communication

This paper presents the design and simulation of a high-gain 64-element array antenna, specifically developed for Ku-band satellite communication applications. The antenna array is constructed on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate, selected for its low dielectric constant of 2.2 and substrate thickness of 0.79 mm, ensuring minimal loss and enhanced performance at high frequencies. Simulation results demonstrate efficient operation across the Ku-band frequency range, from 12.68 GHz to 12.97 GHz, providing a total bandwidth of 290 MHz, which is suitable for various satellite communication needs. At the center frequency of 12.86 GHz, the antenna exhibits an outstanding reflection coefficient of −42.65 dB, indicating minimal signal loss due to impedance mismatch. Additionally, the array achieves a gain of 21.1 dBi and a directivity of 21.9 dBi, highlighting its ability to efficiently direct energy in the desired direction. The entire 8×8 antenna array is analyzed using CST studio software, a leading tool for electromagnetic simulation. The 8×8 array antenna is suitable for satellite communication because it strikes a good balance between performance, size, cost, and compact design. It not only ensures efficient power use but also provides a desirable beamwidth, which is easier to deploy and integrate compared to larger arrays. These attributes make the antenna array highly suitable for modern satellite communication systems, offering improved signal quality and reliability.

I. Introduction

Antennas are essential components in wireless communication systems, particularly in satellite communications, where signals must travel vast distances.