An Efficient Mutual Authentication Scheme for Edge Computing-Enabled Internet of Vehicles

In the era of big data, identity authentication in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is crucial for secure communications. With the diversification and expansion of IoV services, edge computing has emerged as a viable solution to effectively mitigate the high latency and scalability issues associated with traditional centralized identity authentication mechanisms. Despite the significant role that existing authentication schemes play in ensuring the security of IoV services, they still present relatively time-consuming issues during execution. To resolve this concern, we propose an efficient mutual authentication scheme, which combines the Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm (EdDSA) with the Diffie-Hellman (DH) key exchange protocol, aiming to simplify the complex cryptographic computation process. To further reduce the identity authentication latency at the edge, we designed a rapid re-authentication process. Validated through simulation experiments, the proposed scheme has achieved approximately a 60.9% increase in authentication efficiency compared with the existing SEA scheme, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing the security and response.

I. Introduction

In the big data era, identity authentication in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is essential, facing challenges such as increased tasks from numerous devices, the imperative to safeguard privacy due to the growing value of data, the need for real-time accuracy as applications expand, etc. Edge computing, offering low-latency processing and analytics, is vital for managing data from connected vehicles [1], [2]. However, this integration also poses new security and privacy challenges, particularly mutual authentication between vehicles and infrastructure, crucial for establishing trust and preventing unauthorized access in the IoV [3].