Design and Implementation of Low-Power Wireless Sensor Network in Smart Home System Based on Internet of Things

This paper presents the design and implementation of a low-power wireless sensor network for smart home systems, based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed architecture is divided into three layers: the sensor layer, coordination layer, and receiving layer. The sensor layer consists of various ZigBee-based sensor nodes, while the coordination layer includes a ZigBee coordinator and a home gateway to relay data to the Internet. The receiving layer provides users with access to sensor data through multiple devices, such as PCs and smartphones. We adopted a star-type ZigBee network topology to simplify the network structure, reduce cost, and meet the demands of small-to-medium-sized smart home environments. The CC2430 chip was selected for sensor nodes due to its low cost, low energy consumption, and integrated capabilities, making it well-suited for IoT applications. Experimental results demonstrated effective communication, low latency, and reliable data transmission within the smart home setup.

I. Introduction

The rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has revolutionized numerous aspects of daily life, with smart home systems being one of the most significant beneficiaries of this progress [1]. Smart homes incorporate a variety of connected devices, providing convenience, enhanced control, and energy efficiency for end users [2]. Central to the effectiveness of smart home systems is the implementation of a reliable and efficient wireless sensor network (WSN). WSNs facilitate communication among multiple sensor nodes, allowing users to monitor and control various home functions remotely [3]. The present study focuses on the design and implementation of a low-power wireless sensor network for smart home systems, utilizing a ZigBee-based architecture. Smart homes, defined as residences equipped with IoT-based systems to provide enhanced comfort, convenience, and energy efficiency, are increasingly becoming a part of everyday life [4]. The core components of smart home systems are connected devices and wireless networks, which enable seamless communication and information exchange between various appliances and devices [5]. Wireless sensor networks play a vital role in the realization of smart homes, as they form the backbone of data communication among connected devices. The effective design of WSN s, therefore, has a profound impact on the performance, energy consumption, and usability of smart home systems [6].