I. Introduction
Infrared (IR) small target detection has gain widespread application in military early warning systems, missile accuracy guidance, and intelligent security [1], due to its superior penetration, extended working duration, and passive noncontact detection capabilities [2]. IR detectors can identify targets at considerable distances, often hundreds of kilometers away, resulting in targets appearing as faint objects in IR images. These targets typically lack distinguishable texture, shape, and color features. In addition, small targets are susceptible to interference from background elements such as clouds and jungle, as well as inherent sensor noise during the imaging process. This interference may cause targets to become obscured by complex backgrounds and clutter. Therefore, overcoming these complications in IR small target detection remains a challenging task in object detection field.