Attack-Resilient Distributed Fixed-Time Consensus Control for HBESSs and Circuit Implementation

This paper investigates the consensus control problem for heterogeneous battery energy storage systems (HBESSs) with switching topologies. An attack-resilient distributed control scheme is proposed to realize active/reactive power sharing, energy level balancing and frequency/voltage restoration within fixed-time. Rigorous proofs derive the convergence time upper bound for each objective, which is independent on the HBESSs’ initial states and tighter than previous bounds. It is also shown that under bounded actuator attacks, above three control objectives can still be realized in fixed-time. Moreover, analog circuits are firstly constructed to physically implement this new control strategy, which provides a new insight to deploy advanced control schemes on HBESSs. Several simulation examples validate those conclusions from both numerical and circuital perspectives.

I. Introduction

Consensus control of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) has recently garnered extensive attention due to its key roles in improving battery lifespan and power quality [1], [2], [3], [4], [5]. The main control objectives include achieving active/reactive power sharing between battery packs, as well as energy level balancing and frequency/voltage restoration [6]. As the scale of BESSs continues to expand, conventional centralized and decentralized consensus control methods [7], [8], [9] are no longer suitable due to high communication overhead and possible single point-of-failures in the central unit. Hence, distributed control schemes, which only require each battery to share information with its neighbors, are gradually becoming the mainstream for BESS consensus controller design.