A Comprehensive Analysis of 5G Dynamic Spectrum Sharing for IoT Environments

Background: 5G technology will revolutionize wireless communications, emphasizing spectrum efficiency. Pervasive device connectivity requires unprecedented spectrum resources to allow flawless Internet of Things (IoT) communication. Thus, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) is essential for 5G and IoT cohabitation without spectral congestion.Objective: This study examines how DSS improves 5G network speed and efficiency, especially in an IoT-dominated context. The main goals involve developing strategies and methods to maximize spectrum sharing among 5G and IoT devices, ensuring resilient, scalable, and uninterrupted connectivity.Methods: Using simulation and testing, this study assesses 5G DSS algorithms and models for latency, throughput, and reliability. In addition to standard scenarios, we included a high-stress environment (Scenario F) designed to test the limits of DSS algorithms under challenging conditions.Results: 5G networks with DSS have improved spectrum usage and performance. Optimized algorithms reduce latency and increase throughput even in IoT-heavy situations.Conclusion: DSS is vital to strengthening 5G networks for IoT applications. DSS supports and expands IoT ecosystems by reducing spectrum scarcity and improving network performance, laying the groundwork for the 5G era's rush of connected devices and applications. DSS algorithms need further research to meet changing technology and application needs.

I. Introduction

The twenty-first century is marked by an unstoppable rise towards ubiquitous connectivity and data-driven functions, primarily manifested through the thriving world of the Internet of Things (IoT). Many gadgets, ranging from the microscopic sensors decorating smart homes to the massive equipment powering businesses, continually interact within our digital age's vast, invisible ether, creating a veritable flood of data and needing unprecedented communication capabilities. The dominance of 5G technology, recognized for its incredible speeds, low latency, and massive capacity, is critical in meeting the rising needs of the IoT age [1], [2]. However, the quest for effective and seamless connectivity is often hampered by the persistent bottleneck of spectrum shortage, highlighting the need for innovative spectrum management systems like Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS).