Efficiency and Reliability of Avalanche Consensus Protocol in Vehicular Communication Networks

In vehicular communication networks, centralized systems face significant security challenges, including privacy preservation, secure authentication, threats from compromised authorities, latency, and throughput. We propose a blockchain-based system that decentralizes control, enhances throughput, and optimizes latency. By leveraging the Avalanche consensus protocol, our solution assures efficient, secure, and robust communication within vehicular networks, mitigating risks associated with centralized control. Our proposed system achieves a substantial throughput, with the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) protocol registering 12.8 transactions per second (TPS), and the Avalanche protocol demonstrates an impressive 1007 TPS for 100 validators. Regarding the delay, PBFT experiences 6.61 seconds, whereas Avalanche protocol achieves a remarkably low delay of just one millisecond, both with 100 validators. These findings highlight the superiority of our proposed system in terms of low latency, and enhanced transaction throughput, essential for future vehicular communication systems.

I. Introduction

In recent years, blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative solution for enhancing security and decentralization across various domains. Originally conceived for cryptocurrencies, blockchain’s immutable and distributed ledger system offers robust security features, making it an attractive option for applications requiring secure and transparent data handling. The effective use of blockchain technology plays a crucial role in building smart cities [1]. Additionally, blockchain technology is vital in monitoring systems that assist elderly and impaired patients in adhering to their medication regimens at home. By leveraging blockchain, these systems ensure that all patient-related activities are securely logged and verified, providing a reliable and secure framework for patient care management [2].