Pyrolysis of Biomass Using Renewable Energy as A Heating Medium : A Review

Addressing the emissions of greenhouse gases resulting from the over use of traditional fossil energy sources is now one of the most challenging issues. If fossil fuels continue to be the primary source of energy, there will be ongoing long-term development and environmental problems until alternative energy options are created. Biomass is considered a sustainable and potentially valuable long-term energy supply that may be integrated into our existing energy portfolio. Pyrolysis is a thermo-chemical process used to convert raw feedstock into biofuels of greater value. Moreover, the treatment of biomass usually requires thermal energy, which is often obtained from non-renewable fossil fuels. This reduces the efficiency of conversion and has harmful impacts on the environment. The use of solar radiation to boost the conversion of biomass via thermo-chemical processes significantly enhances overall sustainable development and external evaluation. This research explores solar-based technologies and their potential use in the consumption and transmission of biomass using solar energy. The following article examines the outcomes of several techniques for converting biomass into sustainable energy using pyrolysis.

I. INTRODUCTION

Due to the rapid rise of the global human population and improving living standards, there has been a significant surge in energy consumption in recent decades [1]. Energy consumption is projected to increase by 40% by 2040 compared to current levels. Although the amount of fossil fuel energy in the overall energy balance is expected to decrease, gas, coal, and oil will remain the primary sources of energy, accounting for more than 25% of global energy consumption [2]. According to estimates, the world's greatest population is projected to expand by 9.3 billion by the year 2050 [3]. The rapid increase in population will lead to a higher need for energy.