Energetic and Smart Design of Battery Management Scheme to Improve the Lifetime of Electric Vehicles

In order to maximize efficiency, electric vehicles use Battery Management Systems (BMS) to manage their rechargeable batteries. The battery's safety and dependability are ensured by the battery management system, and the battery's age is extended without being damaged. Various monitoring methods are used to keep track of the battery pack's charging capacity, voltage-levels, current-ratings and ecological pressure ratio. A variety of analogue and digital sensors are employed with microcontrollers for this purpose. Several powerful batteries have been developed as a result of the tremendous advances in the field of batteries over the past ten years. High-power batteries with suitable battery management systems are essential for the safe and reliable operation of Electric Vehicles (EVs). This paper will address the power sources utilized by electric automobiles and the primary problems of battery control systems, as well as compare both the lithium ion battery as well as the metal based nickel-hydride batteries in regards to growing older along with the impact caused by climate through the use of the State-of-Charge (SOC) and closed device electricity. This study's goal is to compare and contrast different intelligence techniques along with the control methods used in electric vehicle battery management platforms. The study assesses the characteristics, structure, configuration, accuracy, benefits, and downsides of intelligent algorithms for estimating the condition of a battery. Focusing on parts, characteristics, aims, outcomes, advantages, and restrictions, this research analyses the various controllers used for warming, cooling, balancing, and protecting batteries.