Contents I. Introduction
Chromatic dispersion results from the variation of the refractive index of an optical device or an optical fiber as a function of the incident light's wavelength. Chromatic dispersion is a basic characteristic of common photonic devices, which is also a significant parameter that affects the bandwidth of a high-speed optical transmission system through nonlinear optical distortion and pulse broadening [1], [2], [3]. Meanwhile, the chromatic dispersion of optical fiber cannot be ignored in the practical engineering application [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], for example, the use of dispersion profile for device design and optimization [10], the industrial parameters are measured based on the laser dispersion phase signal obtained in the frequency domain [11], the gas parameters are measured by the dual-sideband heterodyne phase-sensitive detection of dispersion spectroscopy [12]. In recent years, various cutting-edge applications, such as time-stretch imaging [13], [14] and ultrafast dynamic observation [15], have increasingly demanded the wide spectral region of dispersion measurement. Furthermore, in order to minimize the influence caused by the temporal overlapping of adjacent pulses due to dispersion [16], dispersion compensation [17], [18] and dispersion correction [19], [20] are generally employed. However, the effectiveness of these two methods is based on precise measurements of the fiber dispersion over a wide spectral region. Therefore, it is very important to measure the chromatic dispersion of photonic devices fast and accurately over a wide spectral region. Obtaining the dispersion of optical fibers employed over a wide spectral region quickly and accurately in engineering applications is required.
