I. Introduction
According to the United Nations World Food Programme, approximately 768 million people globally are undernourished [1]. It is projected that by 2050, the number of people living in urban areas will increase to over 6 billion, with 90% of them residing in developing countries. This significant population growth requires a corresponding increase in food production, but agricultural land is becoming scarce due to soil degradation and urbanisation. Each year, approximately three million hectares of land are lost due to soil degradation and topsoil erosion. An additional four million hectares are lost due to converting arable land into highways, factories, and other construction [2]. As more land is lost, the gap between food production and the needs of a growing population widens, highlighting the need for new approaches and technologies in food production for sustainable development.