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A new method for misfire detection has been developed with the objective of providing a straightforward solution for slow turning heavy duty engines. It is shown that by evaluating the small signal of the temperature dependent resistance of a glow plug it can be deduced on cylinder individual and cycle specific misfire. The application required a special hardware setup which is presented in the pa...Show More
On the Dynamic Thermal System Behavior of a Glow Plug
2008 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference
Year: 2008 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
In this paper the thermal system behavior of a glow plug is examined based upon its thermal impedance. The glow plug is a passive and low ohmic device as well as a rather slow sensor this is accounted for by the presented measurement setup and the modality of the system excitation to determine the transfer functions. The impact of the ambient temperature and the surrounding conditions on the therm...Show More
As a new application of thermal impedance modeling the thermal behavior of a glow plug is examined. The self-heating device is basically a temperature dependent resistance, which is directly exposed to the highly dynamic combustion process. Therefore it can be used as a sensor in the combustion chamber for diagnosis reasons. In order to deduce the temperature changes in the gas chamber the dynamic...Show More
Single-element weather sensor for automatic windows
SENSORS, 2007 IEEE
Year: 2007 | Conference Paper |
The thermal impedance of a self-heating probe gives information about the inside structure, the temperature distribution and the environment conditions in which the probe works. In case of large temperature dependencies of the resistor, sufficiently high periodic power supply causes a delayed heating of the resistor and results in a periodic change of its temperature T and therefore resistivity an...Show More
The paper presents a low-cost solution based on reflected infrared light intensity measurements for the determination of characteristic properties of moving objects like form, size, location, trajectory, velocity and surface reflectivity. Two arrays of several infrared (IR) emitter-receiver pairs, working on a reflection light principle and driven alternately, are mounted on opposite sides of the ...Show More
Model-based object characterization with active infrared sensor array
Year: 2007 | Conference Paper |
Low-cost weather sensor based on thermal impedance measurements
2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007
Year: 2007 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (2)
Two examples of self-controlled wind and weather sensors for everyday usage based on temperature-dependent resistors are described and the potential for further enhancing sensor properties like long-term stability, self-calibration and selectivity is discussed. To measure the velocity and direction of wind, three PTC elements are placed under a known angle to each other around a cylindrical flow b...Show More
Feature extraction from an infrared sensor array for localization and surface recognition of moving cylindrical objects
2007 IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Technology Conference IMTC 2007
Year: 2007 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (4)
The paper presents a low-cost solution for the determination of characteristic properties of roughly cylindrical objects like size, location, trajectory and velocity of motion, and surface reflectivity. In particular, the problems of identifying different items on a conveyer belt and reliably determining the number of persons getting into or out of a room is addressed. Two arrays of several infrar...Show More
In case of large temperature dependencies of the properties, due to sufficient high voltages and currents the power dissipation in electric devices causes 'virtual' electrical impedances. The reason is the thermal impedance, which is determined by the inside structure and the environmental conditions. For many fields in solid-state circuit design and sensor applications, the actual value of the th...Show More
Sensitivity monitoring of amperometric gas sensors based on impedance spectroscopy
Proceedings of the 21st IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37510)
Year: 2004 | Conference Paper |
For a large variety of gases, amperometric gas sensors work with high reliability. While the zero point of these sensors is relatively stable in time, the sensitivity and cross-sensitivity can change considerably over time, resulting in incorrect measurements. This can be critical for many applications. Hence, a permanent monitoring of the sensitivity is desired. This paper describes a simple meth...Show More
Smart two-element PTC wind sensor
Proceedings of the 21st IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.04CH37510)
Year: 2004 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (1)
A smart, low-cost wind sensor consisting of just two self-heated PTC (positive temperature coefficient) elements is described. Placing the elements asymmetrically in a cylindrical shell, the wind vector can be reliably measured in two dimensions. Inherent measurement errors due to incipient soiling of the sensor surface, ohmic bridges, shortcuts and ageing of the electrical parameters, are detecte...Show More
A multi-sensor for the detection and classification of objects in indoor environments, merging the outputs from an infrared (IR) diode array and an ultrasonic (US) range sensor to get a reliable 2D image of objects in front of the sensor, is described. With the IR sensor array consisting of up to 8 emitter-receiver pairs, multiple objects can be detected and their,lateral dimensions can be estimat...Show More
The paper presents a model-based approach to detect and compensate for errors of PTC sensors used for the measurement of air flows and air velocities in HVAC (Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning) systems. Like for commonly used anemometers with mechanically moved parts, the main error sources during long-term operation are soiling by dust transported with the air and failures of electric comp...Show More
The torque is measured in a contactless technique without special treatment of the shaft, using the magneto-elastic effect of ferromagnetic materials. Strain or stress due to moments lead to a change of magnetic properties of the material (hysteresis deformation, permeability changes). Magnetoelastic sensors are distinguished by robustness and good reproducibility. However, inhomogeneities of the ...Show More
Self-controlled PTC sensor for reliable overfill protection of liquids
IMTC/2002. Proceedings of the 19th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (IEEE Cat. No.00CH37276)
Year: 2002 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (3)
The paper deals with the design of sensors with automatic self-control. A PTC thermistor was selected, which is used as a level sensor to prevent overfill of liquids in tanks. In self-heated mode, the I-U characteristic is basically dependent on the unloading resistance value R/sub T/ of the PTC sensor itself, the thermal resistance R/sub W/ and the temperature T/sub M/ of the medium that is surro...Show More
Possibilities of a model performance improvement for the calibration-free temperature measurement based on pn-junctions
IMTC/99. Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (Cat. No.99CH36309)
Year: 1999 | Conference Paper |
An accurate calibration-free temperature measurement can be realized, when the pn-junction i-u characteristic is described with a model considering the occurring secondary semiconductor effects. In this paper we give a survey of adapted physically based pn-junction i-u characteristic models, such as the Ebers-Moll/sub 2/, the Ebers-Moll/sub 3/ and the Gummel-Poon model. Furthermore, we build new m...Show More
System identification techniques for simulating fire detector signals
IMTC/99. Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (Cat. No.99CH36309)
Year: 1999 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (4)
This paper describes possibilities of modeling fire detector signals for the design of fire recognition algorithms. For this purpose, test experiments including test fires fulfilling EN54 Standards and disturbing events have been carried out. Relative mass loss of fire fuels and sensor responses have been introduced as input-outputs of the process that is modeled. In a second step, the ability to ...Show More
Self-calibrating electrochemical gas sensor
Proceedings of International Solid State Sensors and Actuators Conference (Transducers '97)
Year: 1997 | Conference Paper |
Cited by: Papers (4)
A self-calibrating electrochemical gas sensor with an online supervision of the gas sensor's function, sensor's sensitivity and sensor's response time is presented. It leads to an online electrical recalibration and an early detection of an aging dependant sensor failure by detection of the value of sensor's electrochemical active area. Independent of the gas concentration to be measured, and with...Show More
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