Complementary split ring resonators using equilateral triangular Koch fractal curves

Equilateral triangular complementary split ring resonators which is substituted for the Koch-fractal curves is used to the composite right/left-handed transmission lines, and the resonant frequency is reduced by 22% and 34% respectively when 1 and 2 order Koch-fractal curves complementary split ring resonators are applied. The equivalent circuit model of the structure is presented and the electrical parameters are also extracted. It is observed that the simulation, circuit model and measurement results are consistent with each other, which demonstrates the correctness of the proposed structure.

I. Introduction

Recently, there has been an extensive research focusing on the synthesis of metamaterials because these materials are characterized by their simultaneous negative value of the effective permittivity and permeability. In 1968, Veselago first predicted that the hypothetical materials had simultaneously negative permittivity and permeability, and studied the electrodynamics of these substances [1]. In 2000, Smith fabricated the first left handed structure which consisted of metallic posts and split rings resonators (SRRs) [2].