Contents I. Introduction
In bioinformatics, deciphering the complexities of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is crucial for understanding biological phenomena at the molecular level. DNA, the foundation of life, encodes the genetic instructions vital for the development and functioning of all living organisms. These instructions are stored within the sequences of nitrogenous bases, constituting the genetic blueprint for proteins and RNA sequences [1]. The structural integrity of DNA, characterized by its iconic double helix, provides it with the resilience to withstand mechanical forces. However, it remains prone to certain deformations, such as twisting and bending [2]. The intricate sequence of nucleotide bases in DNA, consisting of adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T), encases extensive biophysical information. A thorough understanding of DNA’s structure is critical for elucidating gene expression, DNA replication, and chromosome segregation during cell division [3].
