Wideband Measurement Data Communication Protocol: Scheme Design, Hardware Implementation, and Field Application

With the increasing integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid via power electronic devices, the dynamics of the system became more complex, leading to a broadened frequency spectrum of the electrical signals. Therefore, wideband synchronous measurement has become an essential tool for panoramic information perception of the grid. Current protocols are designed for fundamental frequency data transmit, which is ineffective for the wideband frequency data. In this article, we propose a wideband communication protocol that encompasses a message frame construction and a real-time communication technique for variable-length wideband data. The communication procedure of the message frames remains fully compatible with the IEEE C37.118.2 and can simultaneously transmit harmonic, interharmonic, and fundamental frequency measurement data. The protocol is instantiated on hardware and a wideband monitoring system to validate its effectiveness, followed by the theoretical and practical analysis of communication performance. The field application of the wideband measurement for an electric vehicle charging station is demonstrated to validate the efficiency and practicability of the proposed communication protocol.

I. Introduction

The extensive integration of power electronic devices has led to a reduction in the time constant of the power system while concurrently transitioning the signal and stability patterns of the grid toward a wider frequency range (0.1 Hz–10 kHz) [1], [2]. In the prevailing context, wideband oscillations occur frequently, which not only impairs the quality of power but also jeopardizes the secure operation of electrical apparatus [3], [4], [5]. The advanced applications motivated by wideband measurement data, such as sub/supersynchronous oscillations monitoring, harmonics state tracking, and high-impedance fault detection, are critical to the safe and stable operation of the grid [6], [7], [8].