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Elastic optical networks are prone to spectrum fragmentation, resulting in poor resource utilization and often higher blocking probability. To overcome the spectrum fragmentation, a defragmentation (DF) of the spectrum can be applied by reconfiguring some or all active connections. However, reconfiguration is generally not desirable, as it can interrupt the services of the existing connections. In...Show More
With increased design challenges and complexity, late metal ECOs (Engineering Change Order) have become a critical and integral part of the solution cycle for tape-ins which require faster turnaround time and reduced re-spin cost. Metal ECO is a process widely adopted by major IC design houses to solve the last-minute functional and timing failures. Challenges like the limitation of pre-injected r...Show More
The chip developed (UltraSonic Low Voltage SAP for General Electric Medical) in co-operation of AEL (Advenced Electronic Laboratory university of Batna) and MAZ Brandenburg has been produced with 0.35 mum CMOS technology from AMS. The receiver sub-aperture processor is designed to handle the information from ultra-sonic transducer elements inside the probe handler. It performs basic analogue signa...Show More
Clock signals are pivotal in digital circuitry, syn-chronizing the operation of millions of transistors to achieve efficient and reliable performance. However, optimizing clock parameters is crucial for balancing power consumption and ensuring timing integrity in modern integrated circuits (ICs). This paper explores the impact of essential clock parameters such as $r$ise/fall times, setup/hold tim...Show More
A methodology is proposed to exploit the interdependence between setup- and hold-time constraints in static timing analysis (STA). The methodology consists of two phases. The first phase includes the interdependent characterization of sequential cells, resulting in multiple constraint pairs. The second phase includes an efficient algorithm that exploits these multiple pairs in STA. The methodology...Show More
Dynamic flip-flop (FF) conversion is a method of time borrowing (TB) for improving the performance of digital systems prone to variations. The first type of this method (Type A), which was previously presented, suffers from a large inefficient transparency window. In this brief, we present an improved structure for this method (Type B) that mitigates this problem by automatically closing the windo...Show More
It is well known that controller design is often unavoidable for extreme and zero stability, and that unstable poles (zero) limit the performance of the controller. In this paper, we study the limit zeros and poles of the discrete-time model where the sampling period tends to zero in the case of zero-order hold (ZOH) or generalized sampling-data hold function (GSHF). We first introduce GSHF and gi...Show More
This article aims at highlighting new design issues coming from the increasing sensitivity of digital circuits towards process variability. CAD tools and current design methodologies are not anymore efficient to tackle such aspects. In particular variability is increasing the difficulty to identify setup and hold time violations. This paper is a study of failure probabilities considering device pr...Show More
The Sample and Hold Circuit (SHC) is a crucial component in many analog signal processing systems, responsible for capturing and maintaining the voltage level of an input signal for subsequent processing. In this paper, a novel architecture for a SHC is proposed based on a D-latch and a transmission gate, utilizing a Folded Cascode Op-Amp (FCO) as a buffer. The proposed design aims to improve perf...Show More
With the event of nanoscale technologies, new physical phenomena and technological limitations are increasing the process variability and its impact on circuit yield and performances. Like combinatory cells, the sequential cells also suffer of variations, impacting their timing characteristics. Regarding the timing behaviors, setup and hold time violation probabilities are increasing. This article...Show More

On the discretization of singular systems

IMA Journal of Mathematical Control and Information
Year: 2004 | Volume: 21, Issue: 2 | Journal Article |
Cited by: Papers (4)
This note proposes two new discretization methods. The proposed sampled systems are described in terms of the Markov parameters of the system and therefore the proposed methods are easily implemented. The methodology we use is a zero‐order hold discretization for the input and first‐order approximation of its derivatives.Show More

On the discretization of singular systems

Year: 2004 | Volume: 21, Issue: 2 | Journal Article |
Recent research has shown that each apnea episode results in a significant rise of the beat-to-beat blood pressure followed by a drop to the pre-episode levels when patient resumes normal breathing. While the physiological implications of these repetitive and significant oscillations are still unknown, it is of interest to quantify them. Since current array of instruments deployed for polysomnogra...Show More
In this paper, we present a method to rapidly discretize a continuous time-variant system in real time. Three discretization methods are compared. The proposed method does not calculate for discretization, and therefore, the calculation cost is 1/100 of that of the conventional zero-order hold model. The presented method has high stability in higher order systems and the position and size of the i...Show More
In this paper, we consider the problem of routing, modulation and spectrum assignment (RMSA) with holding time awareness in elastic optical networks. We consider a two dimensional schedule that maintains link resource usage in both spectrum and time domains, and we develop an RMSA algorithm that attempts to reduce resource fragmentation by scheduling requests in a manner that takes into account th...Show More
In large sampling period nonlinear systems, the Taylor series method was used to improve the performance of the controller. First-order hold (FOH) and zero-order hold (ZOH) are used respectively in the discretization of input time-delay systems. The sampled-data representation of FOH and ZOH are both described. The mathematical structure of new discretization schemes are proposed and characterized...Show More
Senor nodes either deployed for environment monitoring or health monitoring are battery operated, and thus energy constrained. This paper proposes a novel method for energy harvesting for the Internet of things (IoT) based applications by exploiting the inherent inadequacies of the sampling process. The sensor nodes generate a continuous-time signal corresponding to the sensed parameters, which sa...Show More
Dynamic circuit is extensively used where high speed is required such as critical paths in digital and analog/mixed-signal circuits, yet it has not been successfully characterized and integrated into the digital design flows as its characterization is not straightforward due to its complex timing requirement. In this article, we first propose a step-by-step definition of dynamic circuit’s timing p...Show More
Call admission control (CAC) is used to estimate the new call blocking probability and handover call dropping probability where average channel holding time is very important term to calculate these quality of service (QoS) parameters. In this research work, we have remodeled the guard channel scheme in different aspect and shown that there is some valuation faults in the conventional mathematical...Show More
In the emerging VLSI technologies the industries demand for low power, area and to avoid timing violations in the digital circuits. The setup and hold timing turned out to be one of the important parameters analysed during the design of the clock routes for the digital circuits. Linear feedback shift register is a circuit used mainly in the testpattern generators. Designing a normal 8-bit LFSR wil...Show More
The Static time analysis (STA) used to verify the timing satisfiability of the sequential digital circuit. The occurrence of data input must synchronize with the active edge of the clock else metastable error results. A dedicated tool required to analyze the timing issue; Primetime by Synopsis. The main goal of this work is to design an STA solver with open-source technology. The methodology of co...Show More
This paper addresses the problem of fixed-time stabilization of chained-form nonholonomic systems with time-varying state constraints. A nonlinear mapping is introduced to transform the state-constrained system into a new system without state constraints. Then, by employing switching control and backstepping techniques, a state feedback controller is successfully constructed to guarantee that the ...Show More
To decrease the seek time of hard disk drives (HDDs), we proposed a feedforward control method by using a sampled-data polynomial based on a first-order hold (FOH). The proposed sampled-data polynomial satisfies the boundary conditions that include the characteristics of the FOH and compensates for the discretization error caused by the FOH without the need for complicated calculations. In this st...Show More
In this paper we focuses on designing a customized special purpose control panel that can easily control and atomize the welding process. Microcontroller based system of spot welding machine controls the operation sequence of welding starting from squeeze time through Weld, Hold and off time. Welding current along with other parameters will be the input and output will control thyristor and soleno...Show More
In this paper, probability distributions of new and handoff call channel holding times in mobile cellular networks are derived under the assumption that cell dwell time has generalized Coxian distribution. It is shown that when cell dwell time has a generalized Coxian distribution, the resulting residual cell dwell time has generalized Coxian distribution as well. Furthermore, both new and handoff...Show More
As Bias Temperature Instability (BTI) effects increase the threshold voltage of transistors and decrease transistors speed, it has become a major problem for circuit reliability.Show More