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The high complexity of cortical convolutions in humans is very challenging both for engineers to measure and compare it, and for biologists and physicians to understand it. In this paper, we propose a surface-based method for the quantification of cortical gyrification. Our method uses accurate 3-D cortical reconstruction and computes local measurements of gyrification at thousands of points over ...Show More
Quantitative measurement of dynamic cortex development during early postnatal stages is of great importance to understand early cortical structural and functional development. Conventional methods usually independently reconstruct cortical surfaces of longitudinal images from the same infant, which often generates longitudinallyinconsistent cortical surfaces and leads to inconsistence in cortex de...Show More
To achieve fast, robust, and accurate reconstruction of the human cortical surfaces from 3D magnetic resonance images (MRIs), we develop a novel deep learning-based framework, referred to as SurfNN, to reconstruct simultaneously both inner (between white matter and gray matter) and outer (pial) surfaces from MRIs. Different from existing deep learning-based cortical surface reconstruction methods ...Show More
Compared with X-ray tomography, the use of ultrasound provides the advantages of non-ionizing radiation and low cost. However, ultrasound imaging of cortical bone fracture is still challenging due to the significant velocity changes on the interface between the cortical bone (2800-4000 m/s) and soft tissue (1400-1700 m/s). Furthermore, the low contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) caused by artifact affec...Show More
Accurately imaging bones using ultrasound has been a long-standing challenge, primarily due to the high attenuation, significant acoustic impedance contrast at cortical boundaries, and the unknown distribution of sound velocity. Furthermore, two-dimensional (2-D) ultrasound bone imaging has limitations in diagnosing osteoporosis from a morphological perspective, as it lacks stereoscopic spatial in...Show More
Cortical folding is an essential geometric characteristic of the human cerebral cortex. The cortical folding pattern conveys important information about brain architecture and function. Cortical thickness is another important morphological feature that reflects the size, density, and arrangement of cells in the cortex. Meanwhile, cortical regions are connected by short-distance or long-distance wh...Show More
Detection and analysis of the brain structural abnormalities from MR images are critical for early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, to date, T2DM biomarkers from brain MR images are still not completely clear. In this study, we investigated T2DM biomarkers using BrainLab, which is our recently developed toolbox for automated analysis of brain MR images. Specifically, our subj...Show More
We present CortexODE, a deep learning framework for cortical surface reconstruction. CortexODE leverages neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to deform an input surface into a target shape by learning a diffeomorphic flow. The trajectories of the points on the surface are modeled as ODEs, where the derivatives of their coordinates are parameterized via a learnable Lipschitz-continuous def...Show More
The accurate reconstruction of the cerebral cor-tex surface is critical for the study of neurodegenerative dis-eases. Existing voxelwise segmentation-based approaches, such as FreeSurfer and FastSurfer, are limited by the resolution of the input volume due to the partial volume effect. To address this issue, implicit surface representation based methods attempt to generate arbitrary resolution out...Show More
In this paper we present a novel system for the automated reconstruction of cortical surfaces from T1-weighted magnetic resonance images. At the core of our system is a unified Reeb analysis framework for the detection and removal of geometric and topological outliers on tissue boundaries. Using intrinsic Reeb analysis, our system can pinpoint the location of spurious branches and topological outl...Show More
Due to the significant acoustic impedance contrast at cortical boundaries, highly inside attenuation, and the unknown sound velocity distribution, accurate ultrasound cortical bone imaging remains a challenge, especially for the traditional pulse-echo modalities using unique sound velocity. Moreover, the large amounts of data recorded by multielement probe results in a relatively time-consuming re...Show More
Although cortical atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been reported in the literature, most cortical reconstruction techniques do not account for lesions. In this work, we propose an automated pipeline for cortical reconstruction from magnetic resonance brain images with MS lesions. The pipeline extends previously well validated methods to allow for the presence of lesions and to accommodate mu...Show More
Super-resolution reconstruction of image is highly dependent on the data outliers. This work addresses the super-resolution reconstruction design of the intersecting cortical model (ICM) algorithm applied to the bicubic interpolation. Based on a simplification of the pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN), we propose a design strategy to reduce the effects of outliers on the reconstructed image. Inte...Show More
Super-resolution reconstruction of image is highly dependent on the data outliers. This work addresses the super-resolution reconstruction design of the intersecting cortical model (ICM) algorithm applied to the cubic spline interpolation. Based on a simplification of the pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN), we propose a design strategy to reduce the effects of outliers on the reconstructed image....Show More
Automated reconstruction of the cortical surface is one of the most challenging problems in the analysis of human brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A desirable segmentation must be both spatially and topologically accurate, as well as robust and computationally efficient. We propose a novel algorithm, LOGISMOS-B, based on probabilistic tissue classification, generalized gradient vector flows...Show More
Without considering the significant acoustic impedance contrast between bone and soft tissue, traditional imaging methods with unique sound velocity assumption are challenging to generate accurate ultrasound image of bone cortex, such as time-domain synthetic aperture (TDSA), and phase shift migration (PSM). Furthermore, TDSA restores the image point-by-point, and PSM reconstructs the target layer...Show More
Super-resolution reconstruction of image is highly dependent on the data outliers. This work addresses the super-resolution reconstruction design of the Intersecting Cortical Model (ICM) algorithm applied to the bilinear interpolation. Based on a simplification of the Pulse-Coupled Neural Network (PCNN), we propose a design strategy to reduce the effects of outliers on the reconstructed image. Int...Show More
Super-resolution reconstruction of image is highly dependent on the data outliers. This work addresses the super-resolution reconstruction design of the intersecting cortical model (ICM) algorithm applied to the B-spline interpolation. Based on a simplification of the pulse-coupled neural network (PCNN), we propose a design strategy to reduce the effects of outliers on the reconstructed image. Int...Show More
Accurate reconstruction of the cortical surface of the brain from magnetic resonance images is an important objective in biomedical image analysis. Parametric deformable surface models are usually used because they incorporate prior information, yield subvoxel accuracy, and automatically preserve topology. These algorithms are very computationally costly, however, particularly if self-intersection...Show More
We investigated the performance of a new sparse neuroimaging method, i.e., Variation-Based Sparse Cortical Current Density (VB-SCCD) using magnetoencephalography (MEG) data to reconstruct extended cortical sources and their spatial distributions on the cortical surface. We conducted Monte Carlo simulation studies to compare the performance of the VB-SCCD method with different number of cortical so...Show More
It is widely believed that the structural connectivity of a brain region largely determines its function. High resolution Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is now able to image the axonal fibers in vivo and the DTI tractography result provides rich connectivity information. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to employ fiber density information for automatic cortical parcellation based on the p...Show More
Osteoporosis is a disease caused by decrease in bone density, which makes the bone more susceptible to fractures. The currently used techniques to diagnose osteoporosis such as Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT) are expensive and not widely available. Computerized radiogrammetry is a low cost technique used for the detection of bone loss. But it gives an are...Show More
The study of neurodegenerative diseases relies on the reconstruction and analysis of the brain cortex from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Traditional frameworks for this task like FreeSurfer demand lengthy runtimes, while its accelerated variant FastSurfer still relies on a voxel-wise segmentation which is limited by its resolution to capture narrow continuous objects as cortical surfaces. Havi...Show More
Using publicly available software packages (BrainVoyager, SPM, AFNI and FreeSurfer), performing multiple cortical representation methods for most of the necessary processing steps in fMRI data analyses. We will argue that specifying where in the brain activation has occurred is both conceptually and technically more difficult than has been generally assumed. In this report, we briefly presented me...Show More
This paper presents a new method for EEG source reconstruction which is based on partitioning of cortical surface into a set of regions. The proposed method first takes advantage of subspace projection approach to determine most probable active regions in a hierarchical manner and then attempts to reach a current distribution confined to those regions. Simulation results with synthetic data show t...Show More