Single Substrate Electrically Small Huygens Dipole Antenna Design With Reactive Loading

A single substrate electrically small Huygens dipole antenna is presented. The antenna is designed to operate at 868 MHz with an input impedance matched to 100 $\Omega$ reference impedance, having an electrical size ka of 0.61. The short-circuit excitation technique is used to excite the antenna with lumped capacitors loading on the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole. The simulated performance shows perfect matching to the reference impedance, 79% radiation efficiency, and 3.5 dBi realized gain including capacitors resistive losses.