Electrically Small Huygens Dipole Antenna Based Rectenna and Array for Wireless Power Transfer Enabled Internet-of-Things Applications

This paper introduces the electrically small Huygens dipole antenna (HDA) based rectenna and antenna array for wireless power transfer (WPT) enabled Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. WPT -enabled IoT applications require two major sub-systems as the receiving rectenna and the wireless energy transmitting antenna array. The developed electrically small Huygens dipole antenna (HDA) is the ideal candidate for enabling both sub-systems thanks to its ultracompact size and unidirectional Huygens radiation pattern with wide half-power beamwidth. An ultracompact and highly efficient wireless power capturing rectenna was designed by seamlessly integrating a compact rectifier circuit to the HDA. Moreover, to realize long distance WPT and cover large area simultaneously, a linear-array with beam-steering performance was developed and also based on the HDA element. They are ideal candidate for WPT-enabled battery-free IoT ecosystems.