Enhancing electrical and mechanical by Sn doping in BCZT for high performance nanogenerators

Flexible and environment friendly piezoelectric nanogenerators are attracting substantial attention due to environmental constraints and ecological considerations of energy harvesting. In this paper, self-poled and bio-flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (BF -PEN G) were developed based on lead-free BCZT and BCZT-0.02Sn nanoparticles that were synthesized using sol-qel method and embedded with PDMS polymer. To investigate the impact of doping, electrical and mechanical characterizations were conducted as well piezoelectric measurements. The results illustrate that PENG containing BCZT doped with 0.02 Sn shows higher performance comparing to PENG with BCZT. It can generate open circuit voltage of 4V under vibration shaker and 30 V under gentle finger tapping. This good piezoelectric performance is related to the enhanced mechanical behavior in addition to the enhanced conductivity with the integration of Sn within BCZT nanoparticle.