Distribution Power Loss Minimization of Energy Storage Systems in DC Microgrids Under FDI Attacks

In this work, the distribution power loss of parallel-connected distributed energy storage systems (DESSs) in DC microgrids by including both wire loss and converter loss, is modelled as a concave function of output current coefficients. Then, a distributed integral convex optimization control (DICOC) is implemented for current coefficients optimization by iteratively calculation. Afterwards, the optimal coefficients produced by DICOC are used to calculate the current sharing errors among neighboring nodes, which is further adopted in a distributed proportional integral observer (DPIO)-based secondary control to provide the voltage references for local control against false data injection (FDI) attacks. With the help of slower control layer, the loss in DC electric network is mitigated by using peer-to-peer data-exchanging among the neighboring DESSs. The proposed hierarchical control is verified by both simulation and experiment in various cases.