Research Study on Relation between Age and Bone Mineral Density

Bone mass measures are commonly used as a proxy for fracture risk, and BMD tests are routinely used in clinical practice to diagnose Osteoporosis. Low bone density is a condition in which bones grow thinner than normal. Although it is not Osteoporosis in and of itself, it is a sign of the disease. Low bone mass can hit anyone at any moment in their lives. The World Health Organization defines low bone density as a z-score of 1 to −2.5; nevertheless, scores less than −2.5 are often diagnosed as Osteoporosis. T-scores are used to report the results of bone density tests. A T-score compares your bone density to that of a healthy person. The Z score is calculated when bone density is compared to indicative values from healthy persons of the same age, sex, and ethnicity. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) bone scans determine the density of the bone. As a result, a large data set for the study of low bone mass in Iraqi patients of both genders, in all age groups, especially postmenopausal women, is required as a foundation for future genetic and molecular investigations. By conducting a survey, data was collected to be aware of the percentage of low bone mass patients in one of the biggest centers in Maysan Government in Iraq at Alzahrawi hospital from January 18 - February 20, 2022, Bone Density Unit. They were divided into three groups: females in the menstruation group (
$n=9$
) and females in the menopause group (
$n=21$
) and the Male group (
$n=41$
), Bone Mineral Content (BMC) was measured in the supine position and spine position by the use of DXA bone densitometer scanner type (STRATOS). Both minimum T-score and Z-score were (−5.4). (−3.4) respectively while female in menstruation and female in menopause was (12.7%), (29.6%) respectively. Menopause groups were from the class of osteoporotic with Pearson's Correlation equal (0.282). Postmenopausal women were at higher risk of Osteoporosis due to lowered Bone Mineral Density, T & Z scores.