Challenges of 5G and Beyond Mobile Radio Networks

The paper presents an overview of the challenges for 5G and Beyond Mobile Radio Networks (efficient structures, attractive applications, cost reduction, billing, and security). The role of new mobile network technologies, like 6G and satellite-based Internet Starlink, will steadily grow in the following years. The following subjects are examined: 1) Deployment features for 5G, heterogeneous cellular structures, and interoperability; 2) Advanced security and blockchained apps; 3) Blockchain opportunities and challenges for 5G and Beyond; 4) New generation mobile nets, like Starlink, Sixth Generation for Mobile Radio Networks/ NET-30.